溶洞(Ⅰ类)防卡钎液压系统设计与仿真研究  

Design and Simulation Study of Anti-jamming Hydraulic System in Cavern(Class Ⅰ)

作　　者：周俊 刘忠 熊中刚[1,2] 王罡 龚东昌 张明勋 高站伟 郭艳军 Zhou Jun;Liu Zhong;Xiong Zhonggang;Wang Gang;Gong Dongchang;Zhang Mingxun;Gao Zhanwei;Guo Yanjun(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guilin University of Aerospace Technology,Gulin,Guangxi 541004,China;State Grid Tibet Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Lhasa 850010,China;Supply Company Sichuan Electric Power Design and Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610095,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学机电工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林航天工业学院机电工程学院,广西桂林541004 [3]国网西藏电力有限公司,拉萨850010 [4]四川电力设计咨询有限责任公司,成都610095

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第10期11-14,共4页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51765014);川藏铁路供电工程专题研究课题(SGXZJGOOJCWT2200080);桂林市科技局重点项目(2020010313)。

摘　　要：针对凿岩机执行钻凿工作时的第Ⅰ类“卡钎”溶洞卡钎工况时钎杆突然凿入溶洞使钎杆卡死的问题,提出一种防卡钎阀和防溶洞(Ⅰ类)卡钎液压控制系统。基于溶洞(I类)卡钎工况产生时凿岩机系统的变化情况,设计卡钎液压控制系统,详细描述该系统及防卡钎阀的工作机理;设计了防卡钎换向阀,控制两个液控口给凿岩机输送液压能,以实现凿岩机轻冲击和重冲击两种状态的施工需求,可快速有效预防卡钎事故、稳定可靠,并对该系统进行了详细地仿真分析。结果表明:系统回转液压马达的流量受系统节流阀孔通径的影响较大,受回转压力的影响较小;根据轻冲击时冲击能应尽量减小且重冲击时的冲击能应尽量取大值的原则,选择轻冲击控制节流阀和重冲击控制节流阀的通流孔径分别为2.3、7.5 mm时,系统有良好的凿岩效果,验证了防卡阀在预防防溶洞(第Ⅰ类)卡钎有较好的效果。该设计方案和所设计的液压控制系统为液压凿岩装备防溶洞卡钎技术提供参考。In order to solve the problem of the typeⅠ"jamming"hole jamming when the rock drill performs drilling work,the drill rod is suddenly chiselled into the hole and the drill rod is jammed,an anti-jamming valve and a hydraulic control system for preventing the jamming of holes(type I)are proposed.Based on the changes in the rock drill system when the cavity(Class I)jamming condition occurs,the jamming hydraulic control system is designed,and the working mechanism of the system and the anti-jamming valve is described in detail;the anti jamming reversing valve is designed to control two hydraulic control ports to deliver hydraulic energy to the rock drill to achieve the construction requirements of light-impact and heavy-impact rock drill,by which the jamming accidents can be quickly and effectively prevented,and it is stable and reliable,and a detailed simulation analysis is carried out for this system.The results show that the flow rate of the rotary hydraulic motor of the system is greatly affected by the diameter of the system throttle valve,and is less affected by the rotary pressure;according to the principle that the impact energy should be reduced as much as possible during the light impact,and should be taken as large as possible when the impact energy is heavy impact,the diameters of the light-impact control throttle valve and the heavy-impact control throttle valve are chosen to be 2.3 mm and 7.5 mm,respectively,at this time,the system has a good rock drilling effect,which proves that the anti-jamming valve has a good effect in preventing the jamming of anti-dissolution holes(TypeⅠ).The design scheme and the hydraulic control system of anti-solvation hole(TypeⅠ)jamming provide technical guidance for the anti-solvation hole jamming technology of hydraulic rock drilling equipment.

关 键 词：溶洞(Ⅰ类)卡钎 防卡阀 液压控制系统 液压凿岩机 

分 类 号：TU63[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]