桥式起重机机构零件的疲劳强度计算及优化设计  

Fatigue Strength Calculation and Optimization Design of Mechanical Parts for Bridge Crane

作　　者：季坤鹏 李鹏举 刘振辉 朱天恩 后建敏 Ji Kunpeng;Li Pengju;Liu Zhenhui;Zhu Tianen;Hou Jianmin(Shandong Fenghui Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ji\nan 250102,China)

机构地区：[1]山东丰汇设备技术有限公司,济南250102

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第10期321-324,共4页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：工作级别较高的桥式起重机,其机构零件和结构构件容易发生疲劳失效,根据起重机设计规范的要求,机构零件的疲劳强度计算更应考虑应力循环特征和应力循环数的影响,这有别于结构构件的疲劳强度计算。针对常用的桥式起重机,给出整机、机构及其零件之间工作循环数的对应关系,采用许用应力法计算不同传动机构对应零件的疲劳强度。结合实例阐述滑轮轴、车轮轴和卷筒端轴中哪些零件容易发生疲劳破坏,并针对这些问题给出提高疲劳强度的方法,进而进行优化设计。通过计算表明低工作级别的桥式起重机中,因使用情况不同,某些零件的工作级别反而较高,如车轮轴和卷筒端轴等这些零件也容易疲劳破坏,设计中应特别注意此类零件的疲劳校核。Bridge cranes with higher levels of work are prone to fatigue failure in their mechanical components and structural components.According to the requirements of crane design specifications,the fatigue strength calculation of mechanical components should more consider the influence of stress cycle characteristics and stress cycle numbers,which is different from the fatigue strength calculation of structural components.According to the common used bridge crane,the corresponding relationship of working cycle number among the whole machine,mechanism and its parts is given,and the fatigue strength of corresponding parts of different transmission mechanism is calculated by allowable stress method.With examples,which parts of pulley shaft,wheel shaft and winding drum end shaft are prone to fatigue failure is described,and the method to improve the fatigue strength is given,and then the design is optimized.The calculation shows that in the bridge crane with low classification group,some parts have higher classification group because of different use conditions,parts such as wheel axles and drum end axles are also prone to fatigue damage,and special attention should be paid to fatigue verification of such parts in design.

关 键 词：桥式起重机 机构 零件 疲劳强度 失效 

分 类 号：TH123[机械工程—机械设计及理论]