“推见至隐”:孟启“诗史”说探赜  

"Tui Xian Zhi Yin":The Explore of Meng Qi's Historical Poetry Theory

作　　者：谢贤良 Xie Xianliang

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院

出　　处：《国学学刊》2023年第3期37-46,139,共11页Research in the Traditions of Chinese Culture

摘　　要：以“诗史”论杜诗,肇自晚唐孟启《本事诗》。《本事诗》取法于《左传》阐释传统和《诗经》大小序体例,强调“推见至隐”,具有寓主观褒贬于客观史事的倾向。考求孟启本义,“杜逢禄山之难,流离陇蜀”并非对“诗史”创作时间、地点的严格限制,而是对杜甫生平的记叙。从结构上来看,《本事诗》的叙述并非“崇李抑杜”,反而以杜甫对李白生平的记叙,强调杜诗的纪实性。作为孟氏“诗史”说重要内涵的“推见至隐”,指杜诗效仿《春秋》书法,褒贬美恶,尊王攘夷。杜诗“诗史”概念与《春秋》有着紧密联系,绍续薪传自乃祖杜预,并影响了宋代“诗史”概念的建构。“推见至隐”是“诗史”说兼备抒情与叙事传统的一重视角。Using"Historical Poetry"(诗史)to describe Du Fu's poetry,is originated from Mengqi's Ben Shi Poetry(《本事诗》)of late Tang Dynasty.Ben Shi Poetry is taken from the interpretation tradition of Zuo Zhuan and The Book of Songs,emphasizing"Tui Xian Zhi Ying"(推见至隐),and has a tendency to imply subjective praise and criticism with objective historical events.Considering Meng Qi's original meaning,the phrase"Du Fu was displaced in Gansu and Sichuan during the An Lushan disaster"is not a strict restriction on the time and place of"Historical Poetry",but an account of Du Fu's life.From a structural point of view,the narrative of Ben Shi Poetry is not reverence for Li Bai and suppression of Du Fu,but rather emphasizes the documentary nature of Du Fu's poetry.As an important connotation of Meng's"Historical Poetry","Tui Xian Zhi Ying"refers to Du Fu's poems fllow the writing guidelines of The Spring and Autumn Annals,praising and disparaging,and respecting the king.The concept of"Historical Poetry"of Du Fu's poetry is closely related to The Spring and Autumn Annals,and inherited from his ancestor Du Yu,which influenced the construction of the concept of"Historical Poetry"in the Song Dynasty.""Tui Xian Zhi Ying"is a perspective of both lyrical and narrative traditions in the theory of""Historical Poetry".

关 键 词：诗史 《本事诗》 杜诗 推见至隐 春秋笔法 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]