职事·加官·官位:汉代“侍中”制度化进程新论  

Professional Title,Jiaguan,Official Rank:A New Study of the Institutionalized Process of"Shizhong"in the Han Dynasty

作　　者：李柏杨 Li Boyang

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系

出　　处：《国学学刊》2023年第3期72-81,140,共11页Research in the Traditions of Chinese Culture

摘　　要：汉代“侍中”经历了一个不断制度化的过程,这一过程在层累形成的历史文献中,留下了后人书写与建构的痕迹,在细节上尚有一些不清晰之处,仍有进一步探讨的空间。汉初的“侍中”作为职事,制度化程度较低。随着皇帝侧近官僚组织的演进,“侍中”成为官名,逐渐被纳入王朝官僚行政体系,并开始形成机构,拥有秩级,是为其制度化之路。在这个过程中,“侍中”的性质经历了从职事到加官、再到官位的演变。以汉代“侍中”的制度化进程为例进行剖析,不仅为进一步探讨汉代所谓“中朝”“加官”问题提供了基础,亦有助于思考权力、观念与历史记忆互动中所谓的“制度”。Shizhong(侍中)in the Han Dynasty experienced a process of institutionalization,which left traces of creation and construction of later generations in the historical documents.There are also some ambiguities in the details.There is still space for further discussion.In the early Han Dynasty,Shizhong was only a professional title,the degree of institutionalization is low.With the change of the times,Shizhong opened up the way of institutionalization:it became a tile for officials,being incorporated into the national administrative system gradually,and then an institute was emerged with the official rank.In this process,Shizhong experienced the evolution of"professional title→Jiaguan加官→official rank".Taking the institutionalization process of Shizhong as an example,we can further explore the issue of Zhongchao中朝and Jiaguan in the Han Dynasty,and consider the so-called institution in the interaction between ancient Chinese political power,social concept and historical memory.

关 键 词：侍中 加官 制度化 汉代 

分 类 号：D691.4[政治法律—政治学] K234[政治法律—中外政治制度]