舟山海洋特别保护区砂滩海洋垃圾与大型底栖生物群落分布特征研究  

Distribution characteristics of marine litter and macrobenthic community in sand beach of Zhoushan Marine Special Reserve

作　　者：金敬林[1,2] 边佳胤 蔡丽萍[1,2] 黄聪辉 余健涛[1,2] JIN Jinglin;BIAN Jiaying;CAI Liping;HUANG Conghui;YU Jiantao(Zhoushan Marine Workstation of East China Sea Branch of S.O.A,Zhoushan 316022,China;Oceanic Environmental Monitoring and Forecasting Center of Zhoushan City,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局东海分局舟山海洋工作站,浙江舟山316022 [2]舟山市海洋环境监测预报中心,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2023年第3期131-137,共7页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：2020年舟山市乡村振兴专项基金(2200120)。

摘　　要：2021年3月,对舟山2个海洋特别保护区内11个砂滩开展了海洋垃圾和大型底栖生物群落分布专项调查,研究保护区砂滩海洋垃圾分布状况,以及保护区砂滩大型底栖生物群落组成、多样性指数等研究。研究结果表明,保护区砂滩海洋垃圾密度范围为66471~1100000个/km^(2),平均密度为385374个/km^(2),海洋垃圾重量范围为16.18~3955.79 kg/km^(2),平均重量为1488 kg/km^(2),其中有6个砂滩海洋垃圾密度高于全国海滩垃圾平均水平,以聚苯乙烯泡沫类和塑料类的中小块垃圾为主。保护区砂滩受旅游开发和海洋垃圾影响,砂滩大型底栖生物生存环境恶化,砂滩大型底栖生物资源匮乏,物种数少,密度、生物量及多样性指数普遍较低。研究成果为舟山海洋特别保护区砂滩垃圾整治和底栖生物资源修复提供技术依据,对保护区砂滩资源的可持续发展具有科学指导意义。In March,2021,a specific survey on the distribution of marine litter and macrobenthic community was carried out on 11 sand beaches of two Zhoushan Marine Special Reserves.The surveyed included the distribution of marine litter,macrobenthic community composition and diversity index.The results showed that the density of marine litter ranged from 66,471/km^(2)to 1,100,000/km^(2)and the average density was 385,374/km^(2),the average weight ranged from 16.18 kg/m^(2)to 3,955.79 kg/km^(2)with an average of 1,488 kg/m^(2).The density of marine litter in 6 sand beaches was higher than the national average,and the main types of the marine litter were small and medium-sized polystyrene foam and plastic.Under the influence of the tourism development and the marine litter,the living environment of macrobenthos in the sand beaches of the reserve deteriorated.The resources of macrobenthos in the sand beaches were scarce and the species,density,biomass and diversity index were generally low.The results provided a technical basis for litter control and benthic resource restoration in Zhoushan Marine Special Reserve and have scientific guiding significance for the sustainable development of the sand beach resources in the reserve.

关 键 词：海洋保护区 砂滩 海洋垃圾 大型底栖生物 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]