桥墩防撞设施对紊流宽度影响的研究  

Effect of Pier Anti-collision Facilities on Turbulence Width

作　　者：张义军 谭志荣[2,3] 刘敬贤 栗晓晨[2] ZHANG Yijun;TAN Zhirong;LIU Jingxian;LI Xiaochen(Changjiang River Administration of Navigational Affairs,MOT,Wuhan 430014,Hubei,China;School of Navigation,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,Hubei,China;Key Laboratory of Hubei Inland Shipping Technology,Wuhan 430063,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部长江航务管理局,湖北武汉430014 [2]武汉理工大学航运学院,湖北武汉430063 [3]内河航运技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第10期22-28,共7页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1407404)。

摘　　要：不同形式的桥梁防撞结构会造成不同的紊流宽度,进而影响船舶安全通航;故有必要对防撞设施引起的紊流宽度影响机制进行研究。运用计算流体力学方法对不同防撞设施下的三维流场进行模拟,测得各工况下的桥墩紊流宽度,分析了涡量场和速度场对紊流宽度的影响。研究结果表明:尖艏型防撞设施的紊流宽度最小,而圆艏型防撞设施的紊流宽度最大。原因在于尖艉具有隔离作用,能有效削弱防撞设施两侧剪切层与展向涡之间的相互作用,起到部分整流作用,特别是当大尺度的展向涡破碎成小尺度的小涡情况得到缓解,涡体位置相对集中,而圆艏型防撞设施放大了桥墩阻水特性,造成紊流宽度增大;为减小防撞设施对紊流流态影响,应采用尖艏型防撞结构形式。Different forms of anti-collision structures of bridges will result in different turbulence widths,which will thereby affect the safe navigation of ships.Therefore,it is necessary to study the influence mechanism of the anti-collision facilities on turbulence widths.The three-dimensional flow field with different anti-collision facilities was simulated by using computational fluid dynamics,the turbulent flow width of bridge piers under different working conditions was measured,and the effects of vortex field and velocity field on the turbulent flow width were analyzed.The research results show that the turbulence width of anti-collision facilities with pointed bow is the smallest,while the turbulence width of anti-collision facilities with round bow is the largest.The reason for this is that the isolation effect of the pointed bow effectively weakens the interaction between spanwise vortices and shear layer on both sides of anti-collision facilities,playing a partial rectification role.Especially,the situation of larger scale spanwise vortices breaking into smaller scale vortices has been alleviated,and the vortex body positions are relatively concentrated.While the anti-collision facilities with round bow enlarges the water resistance characteristics of the bridge pier,resulting in an increase in turbulence width.Therefore,in order to reduce the impact of anti-collision facilities on the turbulent flow pattern,the anti-collision structure with pointed bow should be adopted.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 防撞设施 三维数值模拟 紊流宽度 

分 类 号：U443.26[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]