美国种业制度演进分析及政策启示  

Evolution Analysis and Policy Implications of American Seed Industry System

作　　者：赵翠萍[1] 王赛楠 王术坤 张力科[3] ZHAO Cuiping;WANG Sainan;WANG Shukun;ZHANG Like

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学经济与管理学院,郑州450002 [2]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京100732 [3]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100026

出　　处：《世界农业》2023年第11期31-40,共10页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“‘粮改饲’补贴政策对农户生产影响及政策优化研究”(72003194);国家自然科学基金面上项目“品种管理制度改革与种业创新:以我国主要农作物品种为例”(72073130);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-36)。

摘　　要：农业是国民经济的重要支柱,种业是国家战略性、基础性核心产业,对推动农业长期稳定发展,保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。种子管理制度是保障现代种业健康发展的基础,本文在梳理美国种业制度演变历程及现行管理体系的基础上,重点分析了美国种业的三大制度:种子认证制度、品种权保护制度及种子市场准入制度,通过与中国种业制度的对比分析,提出中国应进一步强化种子管理体系建设、加快推动种子认证制度的实施、提高《植物新品种保护条例》的法律位阶,完善种子生产经营许可制度等相关建议。Agriculture is an important pillar of the national economy,and seed industry is a strategic and basic core industry of the country,which is of great significance to promote the long-term stable development of agriculture and ensure national food security.The seed management system is the basis to guarantee the healthy development of modern seed industry.On the basis of reviewing the evolution process and current management system of the American seed industry system,this article focuses on analyzing the three major systems of the American seed industry:The seed certification system,variety right protection system and market access system.Through comparative analysis with China’s seed industry system,it is pointed out that China should further strengthen the construction of seed management system,accelerate the implementation of seed certification system,improve the legal level of Regulations on the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,and improve the seed production and management licensing system.

关 键 词：美国 种业制度 种子认证 品种权保护 种子市场准入 

分 类 号：F371.2[经济管理—产业经济] F324.6