鱼类胚胎干细胞培养相关技术  

Fish Embryonic Stem Cell Culture and Related Biotechnology

作　　者：续佳 李世峰 李逸平 XU Jia;LI Shifeng;LI Yiping(Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心/生物化学与细胞生物学研究所,细胞生物学国家重点实验室,上海市分子男科学重点实验室,上海200031

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2023年第9期1401-1408,共8页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项(批准号:2019YFA0109900)资助的课题。

摘　　要：胚胎干细胞(ESCs)具有自我更新能力和多向分化潜能,可作为生物学进程、胚胎发育和再生医学等研究的理想实验模型,由此人们对不同物种胚胎干细胞的开发产生了浓厚的兴趣,包括在鱼类、啮齿类和灵长类中建立了胚胎干细胞系。该文重点总结了鱼类中ESCs和ESCs样细胞系的培养技术和应用难点,讨论了鱼类胚胎细胞系因体外长期培养丢失多能性、染色体数目异常、生殖系传递能力和嵌合体形成效率低等问题,并探讨了通过核移植、半克隆技术作为代替途径来解决生殖系嵌合问题以及快速制备转基因品系鱼类模型,希望对优化鱼类ESCs培养技术提供参考。ESCs(embryonic stem cells)have self-renewal capacity and multidirectional differentiationpotential.It provides an ideal experimental material for generating targeted mutant transgenic animals,studyingbiological processes and revealing embryonic development and regenerative medicine.This sparked intense interestin exploring ESCs in different species.ESC lines have been established in fish,rodents and primates.This reviewsummarizes the technologies and applicational difficulties of ESCs and ESCs-like cell lines in fish,discusses following issues including long-term culture in vitro compromise pluripotency of ESCs-like cell lines isolated fromfish embryos,low efficiency of germline transmission due to abnormal chromosome karyotype and asynchronousreprogramming.Nuclear transplantation and semi-clonal techniques are proposed as alternative routes to germlinechimerism and rapid preparation of transgenic strains of fish models,in the hope of providing a reference for optimizing fish ESCs culture.

关 键 词：ESCS 单倍体ESCs 鱼类 多能性 核移植 半克隆 

分 类 号：Q952[生物学—动物学]