基于腺相关病毒载体的癌症免疫治疗研究进展  

Advances in Adeno⁃Associated Virus Vector⁃Based Cancer Immunotherapy

作　　者：段树康 余秋敏 张婷然 姚文兵 田浤 DUAN Shu-kang;YU Qiu-min;ZHANG Ting-ran;YAO Wen-bing;TIAN Hong(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals,School of Life Science and Technology,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院,江苏省生物药物成药性研究重点实验室,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《药物生物技术》2023年第4期414-419,共6页Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.82073754,No.81973222);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(No.2020B03003)。

摘　　要：腺相关病毒(Adeno-associated virus, AAV)载体因其出色的基因传递能力和安全性已经成为基因治疗领域的重要工具。近年来,将AAV载体用于癌症免疫治疗已成为一个新的热点研究方向,主要包括以下几个方面:一是基于AAV载体的新型肿瘤疫苗的开发,通过AAV载体表达肿瘤相关抗原,激活机体的特异性抗肿瘤免疫反应;二是AAV载体介导的免疫细胞修饰,通过AAV载体对免疫细胞进行编辑并用于过继性细胞治疗;三是AAV载体介导的细胞因子的传递,通过AAV载体持续表达抑制肿瘤生长的细胞因子,调节肿瘤微环境和免疫平衡。这些策略均展现出了良好的应用前景,但在实际应用中也存在着一些挑战,如免疫消除、转导效率低等问题。文章将对近年来基于AAV载体的肿瘤免疫治疗的研究进展进行综述,并总结研究中存在的挑战及未来发展方向,以期对这一拥有广泛前景的领域的研究提供参考。Adeno⁃associated virus(AAV)vector has become an important tool in gene therapy field due to its excellent gene deli⁃very ability and safety.In recent years,using AAV vector for cancer immunotherapy has become a new hot research direction,mainly including the following aspects:First,the development of novel tumor vaccines based on AAV vector,which express tumor⁃associated antigens through AAV vector and activate the body's specific anti⁃tumor immune response;Second,AAV vector⁃mediated immune cell modification,which edits immune cells through AAV vector and uses them for adoptive cell therapy;Third,AAV vector⁃mediated delivery of cytokines,which continuously express cytokines that inhibit tumor growth through AAV vector,regulate tumor microenvi⁃ronment and immune balance.These strategies have shown good application prospects,but there are also some challenges in practical application,such as immune elimination,low transduction efficiency and so on.This article reviewed the research progress of tumor immunotherapy based on AAV vector in recent years,and summarized the challenges and future development directions in the research,in order to provide reference for this field with broad prospects.

关 键 词：腺相关病毒 肿瘤疫苗 肿瘤免疫治疗 过继免疫治疗 肿瘤免疫微环境 肿瘤基因治疗 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学]