属模巨齿蛉末龄幼虫消化道形态结构  

Morphological structure of alimentary canal of Acanthacorydalis asiatica final⁃instar larvae(Megaloptera:Corydalidae)

作　　者：李龙 王淑颖 沈载芸 孙正 范以香 陈万杰 包振松 叶保华[2] 李桂菊[7] 曹成全[1] LI Long;WANG Shuying;SHEN Zaiyun;SUN Zheng;FAN Yixiang;CHEN Wanjie;BAO Zhensong;YE Baohua;LI Guiju;CAO Chengquan(College of Life Sciences,Leshan Normal University,Leshan,Sichuan 614004,China;College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agriculture University,Tai′an,Shandong 271018,China;College of Plant Protection,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Tai′an Forestry Protection and Development Center,Tai′an,Shandong 271000,China;Tai′an Daiyue District Agricultural Broadcasting and Television School,Tai′an,Shandong 271000,China;Guanxian Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Guanxian,Shandong 252500,China;College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering,Jining University,Jining,Shandong 272113,China)

机构地区：[1]乐山师范学院生命科学学院,四川乐山614004 [2]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018 [3]福建农林大学植物保护学院,福建福州350002 [4]泰安市林业保护发展中心,山东泰安271000 [5]泰安市岱岳区农广校,山东泰安271000 [6]冠县农业农村局,山东冠县252500 [7]济宁学院生命科学与生物工程学院,山东济宁272113

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期755-761,共7页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜,观察了属模巨齿蛉末龄幼虫的消化道外部形态和内部结构。结果表明,属模巨齿蛉末龄幼虫消化道由前肠、中肠、后肠构成。其中:后肠最长,占比49.60%;前肠次之,占比43.65%;中肠最短,仅占比6.75%。前肠位于头胸部至腹部第2体节,分为口、咽、食道、嗉囊、前胃、贲门瓣6个结构。咽表面附有强大的环肌和白色的气管组织,内部形成明显的8条褶皱,褶皱上附有朝内密集排列的手指型齿;食道和嗉囊内部由大量褶皱构成,褶皱上有朝内的1~3个为单位稀疏排列的锥形齿;前胃结构较为特殊,外部是强壮的肌肉层,内部由6个相似的几丁质结构构成;贲门瓣在前胃的末端和胃盲囊前端,内部有4个长条形的褶状凸起紧紧扣在一起,呈漏斗状,表面粗糙但无齿,是前、中肠的分界线。中肠位于腹部第3体节,包含4条相等的胃盲囊,末端形成幽门瓣,其内部有6个凸起,且有朝内的具2~5个小齿的爪型齿。后肠位于腹部第4至第10体节,后肠与中肠分界线由7条乳白色马氏管围圈构成,马氏管由丰富的纵肌组成,马氏管着生处内部是幽门瓣,且有6个凸起,从此处向下延伸形成褶皱至后肠,之后依次是细长状乳白色较短的回肠,弯曲且向上折叠呈“N”字型的结肠,粗、长且宽的外部为褶皱状并附着白色脂肪体的直肠,最后至肛门。The external morphology and internal structure of the alimentary canal of Acanthacorydalis asiatica final⁃instar larvae were observed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the alimentary canal of A.asiatica final⁃instar larvae was composed of foregut,midgut and hindgut.Hindgut was the longest,accounting for 49.60%of the total alimentary canal length,followed by foregut(43.65%)and midgut(6.75%).Foregut was located at the 2nd somite from cephalothorax to abdomen,and was divided into 6 structures of mouth,throat,esophagus,crop,proventriculus and cardiac valve.The surface of throat was ac⁃companied by strong circular muscle and white trachea tissue,and the interior formed 8 obvious folds attached by dense finger⁃shaped teeth facing inward.The interior of esophagus and crop were composed with large number of folds,where cone teeth were sparsely arranged by 1-3 teeth per group and faced inward.The proventriculus had special structure with external layer of strong muscle and interior made up by 6 similar chitin structure.The cardiac valves,located at the end of proventriculus and front of gastric cecum,were tightly linked by 4 long⁃fold pleated protrusions and funnel⁃shaped.They were rough on the surface,but toothless,and acted as the boundary between foregut and midgut.Midgut was located at the 3rd somite of abdomen and contained 4 gastric cecum of equal length.The end of midgut formed pyloric valves with 6 protrusions inside and 2-5 small claw⁃shaped teeth facing inward.Hindgut was located at 4th-10th somites of abdomen,whose boundary from midgut was made up by 7 milky white malpighian tu⁃bules which were full of rich longitudinal muscles.The inner insertion of malpighian tubule was pyloric valves,with 6 protrusions in⁃side.From this point downward,the folds were developed into the hindgut,followed by ileum(slender,milky white and short),co⁃lon(upward bended and"N"shaped),rectum(thick,long,wide,with folds attached by white fat outward)and anus in the end.

关 键 词：广翅目 属模巨齿蛉 末龄幼虫 消化道 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q964[生物学—昆虫学]