城乡收入比和农民收入结构演变规律及启示——基于上海市、浙江省数据比较  

Evolution Law of Urban-rural Income Ratio and Farmers'Income Structure and Its Enlightenment-Based on the Data Comparison between Shanghai and Zhejiang

作　　者：杨婷 马佳[2] Yang Ting;Ma Jia(College of Economics and Management of Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Urban Agriculture Research Center of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306 [2]上海市农业科学院都市农业研究中心,上海201403

出　　处：《农业展望》2023年第9期19-27,共9页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：上海市农业科学院农业科技创新支撑领域研究专项“植物工厂关键技术和都市乡村产业研究”;上海市农业科学院卓越团队专项(农科应基2022-07)。

摘　　要：在全面建成小康社会的背景下,中国城乡收入差距成为突出的问题。农民收入结构不合理是造成城乡收入差距的重要原因。基于2010—2020年城乡收入比和农民可支配收入数据,对比分析上海和浙江收入结构及增长贡献率,剖析浙江建设共同富裕示范区缩小城乡收入差距的经验发现:从收入结构看,上海和浙江工资性收入占农村居民可支配收入的比重最大,而两地的收入结构在第二大收入来源上有较大差异;从收入增长贡献率看,两地的工资性收入增长量贡献率均为最大,与收入结构对应,浙江经营净收入的增长贡献率占比居第二位,而上海则是转移净收入增长贡献率居第二位;上海农村居民可支配收入绝对值高于浙江,但浙江的农村居民可支配收入增长率高于上海;浙江在统筹城乡发展过程中借助社会力量发展新型合作经济,拓宽农村居民财产净收入渠道的改革创新经验值得上海借鉴。最后,提出了促进上海农民增收、进而缩小城乡差距的对策建议。Against the backdrop of China building a moderately prosperous society on all fronts,the urban-rural income gap has become a prominent issue.The unreasonable structure of farmers'income has become a direct cause of the continuous widening of the absolute gap between urban and rural residents'income.Based on the data of urban-rural income ratio and disposable income of farmers in Shanghai and Zhejiang from 2010 to 2020,the composition of their income sources and the contribution rate of their growth were compared and analyzed,the rules and experiences of Zhejiang province in building a model zone of common prosperity were seeked,it was found that:in both Shanghai and Zhejiang,wage income accounts for the largest proportion of rural residents'disposable income,while the income structures of the two places differ greatly in terms of the second largest source of income;in terms of the contribution rate of income growth,both the two places have the largest contribution rate of wage income growth,corresponding to the income structure,Zhejiang province has the second largest contribution rate of net business income growth,while Shanghai has the second largest contribution rate of net transfer income growth;in Shanghai,the disposable income of rural residents is higher in quantity than that of Zhejiang,but the growth rate of disposable income of rural residents in Zhejiang is higher than that of Shanghai;it is worth learning for Shanghai from the reform and innovation experience of Zhejiang in developing a new cooperative economy with the help of social forces and broadening the channels of net property income of rural residents in the process of co-ordinating urban and rural development.Finally,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to draw inspiration for promoting the income growth of farmers in Shanghai,thereby narrowing the urban-rural gap.

关 键 词：共同富裕 乡村振兴 农民收入结构 农民增收 城乡收入比 新型合作经济 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] F124.7