痕量稀土对Super304不锈钢冲击性能的影响  

Effect of Trace Rare Earth on Impact Properties of Super304 Stainless Steel

作　　者：胡洪澳 杨吉春[1] 富晓阳[1] Hu Hongao;Yang Jichun;Fu Xiaoyang(School of Materials and Metallurgy,Inner Mongolia Uni-versity of Science and Technology,Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering in Higher Education Institutions of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Baotou 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院,内蒙古自治区高等学校冶金工程重点实验室,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2023年第5期966-974,I0004,共10页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51774190);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2019MS05044)资助。

摘　　要：为研究痕量稀土对不锈钢冲击性能的影响,对含0.00028%Ce的Super304钢进行热力学计算判断稀土夹杂物形成类别,并分别进行固溶态、固溶时效态的室温、-20℃及-40℃冲击功及显微硬度测试,采用场发射扫描电镜及能谱对钢中稀土夹杂物的影响进行分析。热力学计算结果表明痕量稀土在实验钢中优先形成稀土硫氧化物和稀土氧化物,不形成稀土硫化物;生成稀土夹杂物的尺寸及形貌是影响冲击性能的主要因素;固溶态稀土实验钢的室温冲击功比不加稀土实验钢的平均值提高约9.9%,钢中生成圆滑细小的稀土硫氧化物是其室温冲击功提高的主要原因,加入钢中的痕量稀土有深脱氧的作用;固溶时效态两种实验钢的室温及低温冲击功数值呈现散点分布,冲击功数值没有显著差别,固溶时效态析出大尺寸的不规则稀土夹杂物对冲击性能没有明显改善。In order to study the effect of trace rare earths on the impact properties of stainless steel,thermody⁃namic calculations were carried out on Super304 steel containing 0.00028% rare earth Ce to determine the type of rare earth inclusions formed.The impact energy and microhardness tests at room temperature,-20℃,-40℃in solid solution state and solid solution aging state were conducted.The morphology of the inclusions in the steels was analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy to an⁃alyze the influence of rare earth inclusions in steels.The thermodynamic calculation results show that trace rare earth preferentially forms rare earth sulfur oxide and rare earth oxide in the experimental steel without rare earth sulfideformation.The size and morphology of the rare earth inclusions are the main factors affecting the impact performance;The room temperature impact energy of the tested steel with trace rare earth in solid solution state is about 9.9% higher than that of the experimental steel without rare earth addition.The trace amount of rare earth elements added to the steel has the effect of further deoxidation.The formation of smooth and fine rare earth sulfur oxide compounds in the steel is the main reason for the improvement of the impact energy at room temperature;The impact energy values of the steel at room temperature and low temperature in the solid solu⁃tion aging state show a scattered distribution.There is no significant difference in impact energy values.The large-sized irregular rare earth inclusions in the solid solution aging state do not significantly improve the impact properties.

关 键 词：痕量 稀土 不锈钢 冲击 夹杂 

分 类 号：TG142[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]