非对称、变势能阱三稳态压电振动能量采集器特性研究  

Research on tri-stable piezoelectric vibration energy harvester with asymmetric and time-varying potential wells

作　　者：郑友成 朱强国 刘周龙 周铄 王光庆[1] ZHENG You-cheng;ZHU Qiang-guo;LIU Zhou-long;ZHOU Shuo;WANG Guang-qing(School of Information and Electronic Engineering(Sussex Artificial Intelligence Institute),Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学信息与电子工程学院(萨塞克斯人工智能学院),浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2023年第5期1280-1291,共12页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51777192);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY20E070001)。

摘　　要：为了提升压电振动能量采集器的综合输出性能,提出了一种具有非对称、变势能阱的三稳态压电振动能量采集器,它由一个末端带磁铁的压电悬臂梁以及一对可随弹簧拉伸和压缩而变动的外部磁铁构成。外部磁铁固定在水平弹簧自由端并与基座相连,且能够随着弹簧压缩和拉伸发生水平移动和转动,从而使系统产生非对称且随时间变化的势能阱。基于点磁荷法和拉格朗日函数,建立了压电振动能量采集系统的非线性磁力模型和分布参数动力学模型;仿真分析了磁铁间距离以及加速度和弹簧刚度等参数对系统势能及其动力学响应特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:弹簧拉压是产生非对称、变势能阱的主要因素;弹簧刚度使非对称势能阱的深度变浅,使采集器更易进入大幅阱间振动状态;随着弹簧刚度的增大,采集器输出电压随之先增大后减小。在低激励振幅下,非对称、变势阱能量采集器比传统对称势阱采集器有更广的频带宽度和更高的采集效率。A tri-stable piezoelectric vibration energy harvester with asymmetric and time-varying potential wells is proposed to en-hance the energy harvesting performances.It is composed of a piezoelectric cantilever beam with a tip magnet and a pair of external magnets which is fixed to a spring.The spring is fixed at the base and can be compressed and stretched when it is repulsed and at-tracted by the magnetic force.Based on the magnetic charge method and Lagrange function,the nonlinear magnetic model and dis-tributed parameter dynamic model of piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting system are established.The effects of the distance be-tween magnets,acceleration and spring stiffness on the potential energy and dynamic response characteristics of the system are sim-ulated and analyzed.The results show that the spring stiffness makes the depth of the asymmetric potential well shallower,making it easier for the collector to enter the large vibration state.With the increase of the stiffness,the output performance of the collector first increases and then decreases.Under low excitation amplitude,the asymmetric and variable potential well energy collector has wider frequency band width and higher acquisition efficiency than the traditional symmetric potential well collector.

关 键 词：三稳态压电能量采集 非对称、变势能阱 非线性磁力 动力学特性 

分 类 号：O322[理学—一般力学与力学基础] TM91[理学—力学] TN384[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]