小麦转录因子基因TaPHR1参与调控每穗小穗数  

Transcription factor gene TaPHR1 involved in regulation spikelet number per spike in common wheat

作　　者：张逸宁 张艳菲 汪敏 王景一[2] 李龙[2] 李超男 杨德龙[1] 毛新国[1,2] 景蕊莲[2] ZHANG Yi-Ning;ZHANG Yan-Fei;WANG Min;WANG Jing-Yi;LI Long;LI Chao-Nan;YANGDe-Long;MAO Xin-Guo;JING Rui-Lian(State Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop Science/College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程/农业农村部农作物种质资源创新与利用重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第12期3176-3187,共12页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300707);甘肃省农业重点研发计划项目(21YF5NA089);甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2022CYZC-44)资助。

摘　　要：利用水分高效基因资源创制新型小麦品种是应对气候变化和人口高速增长的有效途径。MYB(v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog)是植物中最大的转录因子家族之一,参与调控植物生长发育,生物和非生物胁迫。本研究在TaPHR1-4A和TaPHR1-4B中分别鉴定出19个和15个SNP,基于这些多态性位点开发了分子标记。关联分析表明,Hap-4B-I是小穗数多的优异单倍型。通过创制两个回交导入系群体,进一步证实Hap-4B-I有利于改善小麦穗部性状。TaPHR1的转录表达分析发现Hap-4B-I单倍型幼穗中TaPHR1的表达水平均高于Hap-4B-II单倍型。此外,TaPHR1在水稻中的异源表达导致穗分支变多,也证实TaPHR1参与调控每穗小穗数。小麦育成品种的时空分布分析发现尽管Hap-4B-II在我国现代育成品种中占比最多,但随小麦育种时间的推进,Hap-4B-I的占比在逐渐增多。总之,TaPHR1是小麦每穗小穗数的正调节因子。因此,本研究开发的分子标记可作为小麦标记辅助选择和遗传改良的重要来源。The utilization of water elite genetic resources to develop new wheat varieties is an effective approach to deal with the challenges of climate change and rapid population growth.The MYB(v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog)transcription factors are one of the largest families of transcription factors in plants and are involved in plant growth and development and in the regulation of biotic and abiotic stresses.In this study,19 SNPs and 15 SNPs were identified in TaPHR1-4A and TaPHR1-4B,respectively,and the molecular markers were developed based on these SNPs.Association analysis showed that Hap-4B-I was the elite haplotype with high Total number of spikelet per spike(NCS).Hap-4B-I was further confirmed to be beneficial for improving wheat spike traits by creating two backcross introgression population lines.Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction of TaPHR1 revealed that the relative expression level of TaPHR1 genes in young spikelets of Hap-4B-I haplotype was higher than that of Hap-4B-II haplotype.In addition,the heterologous expression of TaPHR1 in rice resulted in more panicle branches,which also confirmed the involvement of TaPHR1 in the regulation of NCS.The geographic and temporal distribution of wheat modern varieties revealed that although Hap-4B-II accounted for the largest proportion of modern varieties in China,the proportion of Hap-4B-I was gradually increasing as wheat breeding time progressed.In conclusion,TaPHR1 was a positive regulator of NCS in wheat.Therefore,the molecular markers developed in this study could be an important source of marker-assisted selection and genetic improvement in wheat.

关 键 词：小麦 MYB转录因子 农艺性状 KASP标记 关联分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]