木薯花性别分化关键时期的转录组分析及雌花分化相关候选基因的筛选  

Transcriptomic profile of key stages of sex differentiation in cassava flowers and discovery of candidate genes related to female flower differentiation

作　　者：陈会鲜 梁振华 黄珍玲 韦婉羚 张秀芬 杨海霞 李恒锐 何文 李天元 兰秀 阮丽霞 蔡兆琴 农君鑫 CHEN Hui-Xian;LIANG Zhen-Hua;HUANG Zhen-Ling;WEI Wan-Ling;ZHANG Xiu-Fen;YANG Hai-Xia;LI Heng-Rui;HE Wen;LI Tian-Yuan;LAN Xiu;RUAN Li-Xia;CAI Zhao-Qin;NONG Jun-Xin(Guangxi Institute of Sub-tropical Agricultural Sciences,Longzhou 532415,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西龙州532415

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第12期3250-3260,共11页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000603-10);广西青年科学基金项目(2023GXNSFBA026150);广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2022JM96);崇左市科技计划项目(崇科攻2021ZC18);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2023YM44)资助。

摘　　要：针对木薯雌花数量严重缺乏的育种难题,本试验以木薯品种‘新选048’为试材,测定木薯花性别分化关键时期雌花和雄花的转录组数据,分析差异表达基因的功能及其可能参与的调控通路,揭示木薯雌花分化的分子机制,挖掘木薯雌花分化的相关候选基因,并采用qRT-PCR方法对测序结果进行验证。结果表明:在木薯花性别分化关键时期,雌花和雄花共有545个差异基因,其中48.63%的差异基因富集到花器官的形态建成及发育的GO途径,且富集到植物苯丙素生物合成、植物激素信号传导2个代谢通路的基因最多,4个花性别分化基因AGL11、YABBY4、CRC、SUP在雌花中显著上调表达,4个细胞分裂素信号通路基因HK4、HPt4、ARR8、ARR12在雌花中显著上调表达,生长素的早期响应基因IAA14、GH3、SAUR22、SAURR20在雌花中显著下调表达。因此,木薯花性别分化主要涉及花粉、配子体、花器官的形态建成及发育的生物途径和植物苯丙素生物合成、植物激素信号传导2个代谢通路,细胞分裂素和生长素可能参与了木薯雌花分化过程,AGL11、YABBY4、CRC、SUP、HK4、HPt4、ARR8、ARR12可能是木薯雌花分化的正调控基因。To solve the breeding problem of the serious shortage of female cassava flowers,cassava variety‘Xinxianxuan 048’was used as the experimental material.Transcriptional sequencing technology was used to analyze the biological information of differentially expressed genes in female and male flowers during the critical period of cassava flower sex differentiation,explore the functions of differentially expressed genes and possible regulatory pathways involved,excavate candidate genes related to female differentiation,and verify the sequencing results by qRT-PCR method.The results showed that:There were 545 differentially expressed genes between male and female cassava flowers at the critical stage of gender differentiation.Among them,48.63%of the differential genes were enriched in GO pathway of floral organ morphogenesis and development,and the genes enriched in plant phenylpropanol biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction were the most.AGL11,YABBY4,CRC,SUP,and other flower sex differentiation genes were significantly up-regulated in female flowers.Four genes of the cytokinin signaling pathway,including HK4,HPt4,ARR8,and ARR12,were significantly up-regulated in female flowers,while IAA14,GH3,SAUR22,and SAURR20,the early auxin response genes,were significantly down-regulated in female flowers.Therefore,the sexual differentiation of cassava flowers mainly involved the biological pathways of pollen,gametophyte,floral organ morphogenesis and development,and two metabolic pathways of plant phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction.Cytokinin and auxin might be the main hormones in cassava female flower differentiation.AGL11,YABBY4,CRC,SUP,HK4,HPt4,ARR8,and ARR12 may be positive regulators of cassava female flower differentiation.

关 键 词：木薯 分化关键时期 转录组 雌花 基因 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]