甜菜块根生长发育中呼吸代谢的特性研究  

Characteristics of respiratory metabolism in growth and development of sugarbeet taproot

作　　者：于超[1] 李国龙[1] 孙亚卿[1] 李宁宁 张少英[1] YU Chao;LI Guo-Long;SUN Ya-Qing;LI Ning-Ning;ZHANG Shao-Ying(Agricultural College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第12期3377-3386,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(糖料,CARS-170201);国家自然科学基金项目(31260347)资助。

摘　　要：呼吸作用是作物生长发育的重要代谢基础。本研究以4个不同基因型甜菜品种为研究材料,比较不同基因型甜菜各生育时期块根生长发育特性、呼吸速率、呼吸关键酶活性及其基因表达和能量差异,分析各呼吸生理指标与甜菜块根增长和糖分积累的关系。研究结果表明,不同基因型甜菜呼吸代谢水平存在显著差异,块根呼吸速率、ATP合酶活性、ATP含量与块根重量呈极显著正相关,表明较强的呼吸与能量代谢可促进甜菜块根的生长。联合分析呼吸代谢途径关键酶(HK、PK、IDH、SDH、6PGDH和G6PDH)活性及其基因表达和呼吸途径抑制剂效果表明,EMP-TCA是甜菜块根生长的主呼吸代谢途径,抑制各条呼吸途径都降低甜菜的块根重量和直径,EMP、TCA和PPP途径均对甜菜块根膨大具有促进作用。研究结果为进一步深入研究甜菜块根生理机制奠定了理论基础,为选育和鉴定高产甜菜提供了生理指标。Respiration is an important metabolic basis for plant growth and development.The objective of this study is to compare the differences of taproot development characteristics,respiratory rate,respiratory key enzyme activity,gene expression,and energy change in different growth stages,and analyze the relationship between various respiratory physiological and sugar accumulation of sugar beet roots.In this study,four different genotypes of sugarbeet varieties were used as the experimental materials.The key enzyme activity and gene expression of respiratory metabolic pathway were determined,and respiratory pathway inhibitors were used at different growth stages.These results indicated the EMP-TCA was the main respiratory metabolic pathway during the growth process in beet taproot.No matter which respiratory pathway was inhibited,the weight and diameter of beet taproot can be reduced.Different respiratory metabolic pathways(EMP,TCA,and PPP)all played the important roles in promoting taproot expansion.In conclusions,this study laid a theoretical foundation for further research on the physiological mechanism of sugarbeet taproot,and provided physiological indicators for the breeding and identifying high-yield sugarbeet.

关 键 词：甜菜 呼吸速率 呼吸酶活性 基因表达 ATP 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]