黑滑石的矿物学特征及加工与应用研究进展  

Research Progress on Mineralogical Characteristics,Processing and Utilization of Black Talc

作　　者：刘茜 梁晓正[1,3] 杨华明 LIU Xi;LIANG Xiaozheng;YANG Huaming(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Jiangxi Province Natural Resources Interests and Reserve Security Center,Nanchang 330025,China;Hunan Key Laboratory for Mineral Materials and Application,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,Wuhan 430074,China;Key Laboratory of Functional Geomaterials in China Nonmetallic Minerals Industry,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,长沙410083 [2]江西省自然资源权益与储备保障中心,南昌330025 [3]中南大学矿物材料及其应用湖南省重点实验室,长沙410083 [4]中国地质大学(武汉)纳米矿物材料及应用教育部工程研究中心,武汉430074 [5]中国地质大学(武汉)中国非金属矿行业矿物功能材料重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第21期163-172,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0310903)。

摘　　要：近年来我国黑滑石矿床探明储量剧增,应用研究广泛。为满足经济建设发展和人民日益增长的需要,近年来,我国大力发展黑滑石等黏土矿物。在经济战略发展的重要时期,滑石是我国的战略性非金属矿物,为我国矿物功能材料发展的重大突破口,满足未来国家重大战略和发展需求。黑滑石具有特殊的2∶1型(T-O-T)含碳层状硅酸盐晶体结构、优异的理化特性、特殊较好的生物相容性,在新兴环保、能源和生物医学领域具有极大的应用潜力。目前黑滑石大多经过增白技术处理为白滑石后,应用于传统的陶瓷行业和基础填料中,研究方向主要为高效增白和超微细加工技术。然而,将黑滑石煅烧成为白滑石应用于传统行业,严重浪费了黑滑石的含碳层状硅酸盐晶体结构和理化特性。随着科学技术的发展,矿物学、化学、材料学和生物学等多学科的交叉融合,除了研究除碳增白在陶瓷和填料等传统行业中的应用外,利用黑滑石的理化性质,对其进行插层、剥片、酸浸等结构改性,以及表面改性处理、高技术表征等方法对矿物结构和性质进行剖析,在环保水处理、高新材料和生物医药材料等领域不断尝试,并取得了丰硕的成果。本文综述了黑滑石战略性应用研究进展,从黑滑石的矿物学特征和材料化加工技术研究现状等方面对当前黑滑石制备基础原材料、环保材料和高新材料的优越性和挑战进行了分析。介绍了常见的黑滑石基复合材料的进展,如在陶瓷行业和填料行业的应用,阐述了在节能环保、新能源和生物医药方面的优越性。另外,还介绍了未来黑滑石基复合材料的主要研究方向。本文可为废水吸附剂、新能源碳材料、隐身材料和非金属为载体的抗菌材料等战略性应用方向研究新型高效材料提供参考。Black talc is ubiquitous and widely used in China.In recent years,China has made significant efforts to develop black talc clay minerals in order to meet the needs of economic development and the growing demand of people.Talc is an important non-metallic mineral in China at a critical juncture in its strategic economic development and a breakthrough in future mineral functional materials development.It also has a commendable potential to address major national strategies and development needs.Black talc is a natural clay mineral with a specific 2∶1 layered(T-O-T)silicate crystal structure;due to its good biocompatibility,excellent physicochemical properties,and unique morphologic structure,black talc has great application potential in emerging environmental protection,energy,and biomedical fields.Black talc is currently predominantly treated as white talc by whitening technologies used in the traditional ceramic industry and as a basic filler.The research is primarily focused on effective whitening and ultra-fine processing technology.However,the calcination of black talc into white talc is a significant loss since white talc application in conventional industry is unique from white talc’s distinctive carboniferous laminate silicate crystal structure and physical and chemical properties.Based on the physicochemical properties of talc,the structure and properties of the mineral were investigated through intercalation,stripping,acid leaching,surface modification,and high-tech characterization,with successful outcomes in water treatment,high-tech materials,and biomedical materials.This work reviews the research progress of strategic applications based on black talc.It expounds on the advantages of black talc matrix composites in energy conservation,environmental protection,new energy and biomedicine.Furthermore,future research directions for black talc matrix composites are discussed.This paper can provide a reference for exploring new,efficient materials such as wastewater adsorbents,new energy carbon materials

关 键 词：黑滑石 材料化加工 环保 抗菌 功能材料 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿]