不同通风方式对蛋鸡粪膜堆肥膜外氨气排放的影响  

Effects of Layer Manure Membrane Compost on Ammonia Emission Outside Membrane Under Different Ventilation Methods

作　　者：程增文 邱锦麟 邢斯程 史金才 李世坤 李有建 廖新俤[1,5] CHENG Zengwen;QIU Jinlin;XING Sicheng;SHI Jincai;LI Shikun;LI Youjian;LIAO Xindi(College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642;Wens Foodstuff Group Company Limited,Yunfu,Guangdong 527400;Integrative Microbiology Research Centre,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642;Juncheng Herui Environmental Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Yunfu,Guangdong 527400;Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642 [2]温氏食品集团股份有限公司,广东云浮527400 [3]华南农业大学群体微生物研究中心,广东广州510642 [4]筠诚和瑞环境科技集团股份有限公司,广东云浮527400 [5]农业农村部鸡遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国家禽》2023年第11期45-51,共7页China Poultry

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-40);筠诚和瑞环境科技集团股份有限公司横向课题(JCHRYF0520200001)。

摘　　要：为探究通风对蛋鸡粪膜堆肥的影响,试验以通风量或通风方式作为变量,用蛋鸡粪和木屑作为堆肥材料开展膜堆肥试验。试验设置通风量为0.05 m^(3)/min的堆体为管道通风组(CK组,底部管道通风模式),通风量为0.1 m^(3)/min的堆体为双倍通风组(T1组,底部管道通风模式),通风量为0.05 m^(3)/min的堆体为竖直通风组(T2组,竖直管道通风模式),探究不同通风方式对堆肥过程及膜外氨气产生的影响。结果显示:3种通风方式下堆体温度50℃均能持续7d以上,达无害化卫生标准;T2组在堆肥初期氨气排放量显著高于CK组(P<0.05),且较CK组升温较慢;三组种子发芽指数(GI)均大于80%。研究表明,竖直管道通风方式的蛋鸡粪膜堆肥在初期膜外氨气排放量相对更高,但对膜堆肥膜外氨气排放影响时间短,通风量为0.1 m^(3)/min的底部管道通风方式能促进好氧堆肥,有利于堆肥产品腐熟。In order to explore the influence of ventilation on membrane composting of laying hens,this experiment took ventilation rate or ventilation mode as variables,and used the manure of laying hens and wood chips as composting materials to conduct membrane composting experiment.In the experiment,a heap with an air ventilation rate of 0.05 m^(3)/min was set as bottom ventilation group(group CK,bottom duct ventilation mode),a heap with an air ventilation rate of 0.1 m^(3)/min was set as double ven-tilation group(group T1,bottom duct ventilation mode),and a heap with an air ventilation rate of 0.05 m^(3)/min was set as vertical ventilation group(group T2,vertical duct ventilation mode),which were used to explore the effects of different ventilation mode on composting process and production of ammonia gas outside membrane.The results showed that the reactor temperature of 50℃could last for more than 7 days under the three ventilation conditions,reached the hygienic standard of safety.The ammonia emis-sion in group T2 was significantly higher than that in group CK at the initial stage of composting(P<0.05),the temperature rise of which was slower than that of group CK,and the seed germination indexes(GI)of three groups were over 80%.The results indicat-ed that the membrane compost with vertical ventilation mode had relatively higher extranembrane ammonia emission in the initial stage,and the effect time was short for ventilation volume.And the bottom duct ventilation mode with an air ventilation rate of 0.1 m^(3)/min was more conducive to promoting aerobic composting and promoting composting products to rot.

关 键 词：膜堆肥 鸡粪 通风方式 氨气 

分 类 号：S879.9[农业科学—畜牧兽医]