笼养肉鸭生长过程中NH_(3)、CO_(2)气体排放特征  

NH_(3) and CO_(2) Emission Characteristics During Growing Process of Caged Meat Ducks

作　　者：宋曼 晏婷 袁海航 吴雨清 张哲睿 司建民 吴子新 朱志平[1] SONG Man;YAN Ting;YUAN Haihang;WU Yuqing;ZHANG Zherui;SI Jianmin;WU Zixin;ZHU Zhiping(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;College of Resources and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083;Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300000;Shandong Yike Group Co.,Ltd.,Heze,Shandong 274700)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100083 [3]天津农学院,天津300000 [4]山东益客食品产业有限公司,山东菏泽274700

出　　处：《中国家禽》2023年第11期68-74,共7页China Poultry

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-42-23)。

摘　　要：为研究规模化笼养肉鸭饲养过程中NH_(3)和CO_(2)在不同生长阶段的排放特征,估算肉鸭饲养过程NH_(3)排放因子,试验选择山东某商业化肉鸭养殖场,利用多气体分析仪和连续在线采样装置,对肉鸭舍NH_(3)和CO_(2)的排放进行为期42 d的测定,确定肉鸭整个生产过程NH_(3)和CO_(2)浓度变化,核算NH_(3)日排放因子和累计排放因子,探讨不同生长阶段的气体排放占比。结果显示:肉鸭舍NH_(3)浓度变化范围在0.53~5.86 mg/m^(3)之间,平均浓度为2.39 mg/m^(3),CO_(2)浓度变化范围在1004.32~3192.38 mg/m^(3)之间,平均浓度为2013.35 mg/m^(3),肉鸭舍氨气和二氧化碳浓度变化呈现一致的变化,主要受肉鸭舍通风量影响。整个肉鸭生产过程中NH_(3)排放因子呈现先升高后逐渐稳定的趋势,变化范围在1.58~31.52 mg/d·只,平均为17.73 mg/d·只;肉鸭整个生长过程NH_(3)累计排放因子为(894.86±1.02)mg/只,第1阶段、第2阶段和第3阶段氨排放因子占总排放的比例分别为12.1%、43.8%和44.1%。研究表明笼养肉鸭舍通过合理的通风和清粪管理可实现舍内氨气浓度维持在较低的水平,有利于肉鸭健康生长。In order to study the emission characteristics of NH_(3) and CO_(2) in different growth stages during the rearing of large-scale caged meat ducks and estimate the NH_(3) emission factors during the rearing of meat ducks,a commercial meat duck farm in Shandong was selected to determine the NH_(3) and CO_(2) concentration changes throughout the production process of meat ducks by using a multi-gas analyzer and a continuous online sampling device to measure NH_(3) and CO_(2) emissions from meat duck houses for 42 d.The daily and cumulative ammonia emission factors were accounted for,and the proportion of gas emissions at dif-ferent growth stages was investigated.The results showed that NH_(3) concentration in the duck house varied from 0.53 to 5.86 mg/m^(3),with an average concentration of 2.39 mg/m^(3),the CO_(2) concentration varied from 1004.32 to 3192.38 mg/m^(3),with an average con-centration of 2013.35 mg/m^(3).The changes of ammonia and carbon dioxide concentrations in the meat duck house showed consis-tent changes and were mainly affected by the ventilation of the meat duck house.The NH_(3) emission factor of the whole meat duck production process showed a trend of first increasing and then gradually stabilizing,with the variation range from 1.58 to 31.52 mg/d per bird and the average was 17.73 mg/d per bird;The cumulative NH_(3) emission factor of the whole growth process of meat duck was(894.86±1.02)mg/bird,and the proportion of ammonia emission factor of the total emission in the 1st,2nd and 3rd stag-es were 12.1%,43.1%and 43.1%,respectively.The proportion of ammonia emission factors to the total emission was 12.1%,43.8%and 44.1%for stage 1,stage 2 and stage 3,respectively.It was suggested that through reasonable ventilation and manure cleaning management,the ammonia concentration in the caged meat duck house could be maintained at a low level,which is con-ducive to the healthy growth of meat ducks.

关 键 词：笼养肉鸭 氨气 二氧化碳 排放因子 

分 类 号：S834.4[农业科学—畜牧学]