不同拌种剂处理对未脱绒棉籽萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响  

Effect of Different Seed Dressing Treatments on Germination and Seedling Growth and Development of Undelinted Cotton Seeds

作　　者：李侃 谢章书 杨丹 张宁 许豆豆 周仲华 刘爱玉 屠小菊 LI Kan;XIE Zhangshu;YANG Dan;ZHANG Ning;XU Doudou;ZHOU Zhonghua;LIU Aiyu;TU Xiaoju(College of Agriculture,Hunan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology,Ministry of Education,Changsha 410128,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Yizhang County,Yizhang 424299,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院/作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [2]宜章县农业农村局,湖南宜章424299

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2023年第10期40-51,共12页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省农业农村厅项目[湘财建指(2021)142号-1,湘财建指(2021)142号-2];湖南省重点研发计划项目(2020NK2023)。

摘　　要：为探究提高未脱绒棉籽出苗率的方法,以适应棉花轻简化机械直播栽培,采用棉花品种JX0010为试验材料,以未脱绒棉籽不使用拌种剂为对照(CK),设置卫福、敌克松、适乐时、高巧和锐胜5种拌种剂处理,并根据使用说明,每种拌种剂分别设置3种不同拌种比,共15种拌种剂处理,研究不同拌种剂处理对未脱绒棉籽萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响。结果表明,高巧、锐胜和适乐时不同拌种比处理下未脱绒棉籽出苗率较CK及其他处理表现好,均达到了84%以上,敌克松仅在较高拌种量(1∶200、1∶220)下出苗率高于CK,而卫福3种拌种比处理的未脱绒棉籽出苗率较CK均未有提高。萌发后棉苗叶面积、干物质积累量、可溶性糖含量、硝酸还原酶(NR)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及根系活力等指标皆表现为高巧、锐胜和适乐时拌种处理较CK呈不同程度提高,且相关分析表明,丙二醛(MDA)含量与蛋白质含量、NR活性、SOD活性、可溶性糖含量、根系活力呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),说明各处理中生长发育较好的棉苗通过增加体内蛋白质含量、NR活性、SOD活性、可溶性糖含量、根系活力以缓解或消除棉苗因细胞膜脂过氧化程度加重出现的细胞衰老现象,以促进棉苗生长发育,增强其抗逆性。综合来看,高巧、锐胜和适乐时可用于棉花轻简化直播中以提高未脱绒棉籽出苗率,改善棉苗生长状况和生理素质,具有良好的应用前景。The purpose of this study was to investigate the germination and seedling growth of undelinted cotton seeds treated with various seed mixing agents,the experimental materials used were cotton variety JX0010,and five seed mixing agents(Vitavax,Fenaminosulf,Celest,Gaoqiao and Ruisheng).Three different seed mixing ratios were established according to usage instructions,resulting in a total of 15 treatments to investigate the effects of various seed mixing agents on undelinted cotton seed germination and seedling growth with no seed mixing as a control(CK).The results showed that the seedling emergence rate of undelinted cotton seeds under different seed dressing ratios of Gaoqiao,Ruisheng and Celest was better than that of CK and other treatments,and the percentage exceeded 84%.The seedling emergence rate of Fenaminosulf treatment was higher than that of CK only under higher seed dressing ratios(1∶200 and 1∶220),and the seedling emergence rate of Vitavax treatment did not exhibit an increase when compared to that of CK under the three different seed mixing ratios.In terms of post‑emergence seedling growth,leaf area,dry matter accumulation,soluble sugar content,nitrate reductase(NR)activity,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,and root vigor showed different degrees of improvement compared with CK under the three treatments of Gaoqiao,Ruisheng and Celest,and the correlation analysis showed that malondialdehyde(MDA)content was significantly negatively correlated with protein content,NR activity,SOD activity,soluble sugar content and root vigor,indicating that the better‑growing cotton seedlings increased protein content,NR activity,SOD activity,soluble sugar content,and root vigor in order to alleviate or eliminate cellular senescence caused by the increase of MDA content,so as to promote the growth and development of cotton seedlings and enhance their resistance to stress.In conclusion,Gaoqiao,Ruisheng and Celest in light direct seeding have the potentials to enhance the emergence rate of undelinted cotton seeds

关 键 词：棉花 拌种剂 未脱绒 棉籽 萌发 生长发育 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]