发酵罗汉果渣对黄羽肉鸡营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标、肠道形态及盲肠微生物菌群的影响  

Effects of Fermented Siraitia grosvenorii Residue on Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Serum Biochemical Indices,Intestinal Morphology and Cecal Microflora of Yellow-Feathered Broilers

作　　者：王天丽 梁丽芬 宾石玉[3] 何流琴[1,4] 姚婷 王晨昱 李铁军 WANG Tianli;LIANG Lifen;BIN Shiyu;HE Liuqin;YAO Ting;WANG Chenyu;LI Tiejun(Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection,Ministry of Education,College of Life Science,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,China;Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation,College of Life Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院大学现代农业科学学院,北京100049 [3]广西师范大学生命科学学院,珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,桂林541006 [4]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,动物肠道功能调控湖南省重点实验室,长沙410081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第10期6349-6360,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广西重点研发项目(桂科AB22035039);湖南省重点研发项目(2022NK2023);长春市院科技创新合作专项(21SH19);天津市合成生物技术创新能力提升项目(TSBICIP-CXRC-038)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究发酵罗汉果渣对黄羽肉鸡营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标、肠道形态及盲肠微生物菌群的影响。选取90日龄中速型成年黄羽肉鸡(公鸡)15只,按组间体重[(2.74±0.32)kg]一致原则分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复1只鸡。采用强饲法进行代谢试验,各组分别强饲罗汉果渣原料(Ⅰ组)、100%发酵罗汉果渣(Ⅱ组,100%罗汉果渣原料,菌酶协同发酵)和80%发酵罗汉果渣(Ⅲ组,80%罗汉果渣原料+20%麸皮,菌酶协同发酵)。试验期48 h。结果显示:1)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的粗蛋白质、干物质、粗灰分、粗脂肪和总能表观消化率均显著提高(P<0.05),且Ⅲ组的营养物质表观消化率均最高。2)各组之间血清生化指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组的十二指肠绒毛高度(VH)和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)显著降低(P<0.05),十二指肠隐窝深度(CD)、空肠VH和V/C及回肠VH显著升高(P<0.05);Ⅲ组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠VH及十二指肠V/C显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ组的Shannon指数和Simpson指数显著降低(P<0.05)。主坐标分析(PCoA)显示,Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组盲肠微生物菌群构成差异明显。在门水平上,Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组的盲肠优势菌门是拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria);在属水平上,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ组的盲肠丹毒丝菌科UCG-004(Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-004)相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),盲肠uncultured_bacterium_f_Lachnospiraceae相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。线性判别分析效应量(LEfSe)分析发现,Ⅰ组中有12个显著富集的盲肠微生物菌群(P<0.05),包括梭菌目(Clostridiales)、梭菌纲(Clostridia)、瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)、毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)等;Ⅲ组中有7个显著富集的盲肠微生物菌群(P<0.05),包括丹毒丝菌科UCG-004、丹毒丝菌科(Erysipelotrichaceae)、丹毒丝菌纲(Erysipelotrichia)、丹毒丝菌目(Erysipelotrichales)等。与Ⅰ组相�The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of fermented Siraitia grosvenorii residue on nutrient apparent digestibility,serum biochemical indices,intestinal morphology and cecal microflora of yellow-feathered broilers.Fifteen 90-day-old medium-speed adult yellow-feathered broilers(cocks)were selected and divided into 3 groups according to the consistent body weight[(2.74±0.32)kg]with 5 replicates per group and 1 broilers per replicate.The metabolic test using a strong-feeding method,broilers were fed with Siraitia grosvenorii residue material(groupⅠ),100%fermented Siraitia grosvenorii residue(groupⅡ,100%Siraitia grosvenorii residue material,bacterial enzyme co-fermentation)and 80%fermented Siraitia grosvenorii residue(groupⅢ,80%Siraitia grosvenorii residue material+20%bran,bacterial enzyme co-fermentation),respectively.The experiment lasted for 48 h.The results showed as follows:1)compared with group I,the apparent digestibility of crude protein,dry matter,crude ash,ether extract and gross energy of groups II and III was significantly improved(P<0.05),and the nutrient apparent digestibility of group III was the highest.2)There were no significant differences in serum biochemical indexes among all groups(P>0.05).3)Compared with group I,the villous height(VH)and villous height/crypt depth(V/C)in duodenum of groupⅡwere significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the crypt depth(CD)in duodenum,VH and V/C in jejunum and VH in ileum were significantly increased(P<0.05);the VH in duodenum,jejunum and ileum and t V/C in duodenum of groupⅢwere significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with groupⅠ,the Shannon index and Simpson index of group III were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)showed that the cecal microbial composition of in groupsⅠandⅢwas significant different.At phylum level,the dominant phyla of groupsⅠandⅢwere Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria;at genus level,compared with groupⅠ,the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-004 in

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分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]