围产期饲粮中添加异位酸对奶牛生产性能、营养物质表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和奶牛、新生犊牛血清指标的影响  

Effects of Adding Isoacids in Perinatal Diets on Performance, ApparentDigestibility of Nutrients, Rumen Fermentation Parameters of DairyCows, and Serum Indicators of Dairy Cows and Newborn Calves

作　　者：龙锐 马小雪 聂存喜[1] 罗瑞卿 吴妍妍[1] 张文举[1] LONG Rui;MA Xiaoxue;NIE Cunxi;LUO Ruiqing;WU Yanyan;ZHANG Wenju(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China;Xinjiang Tianshan Junken Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,石河子832000 [2]新疆天山军垦牧业有限责任公司,石河子832000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第10期6423-6437,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目(2021AA004);石河子大学高层次人才科研启动项目(RCZK202359)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究围产期饲粮中添加异位酸对奶牛生产性能、营养物质表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和奶牛、新生犊牛血清指标的影响,为异位酸添加剂在奶牛生产中的合理添加使用提供理论依据。选取18头健康、第3胎次、预产期相近的经产荷斯坦围产期奶牛,按照完全随机区组设计分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头奶牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅰ组饲喂基础饲粮+30 mL/(d·头)的异位酸,Ⅱ组饲喂基础饲粮+60 mL/(d·头)的异位酸。预试期10 d,正试期42 d,从奶牛产前21 d开始到产后21 d结束。结果表明:1)在产后10和21 d,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组产奶量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)Ⅰ、Ⅱ组干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组瘤胃氨态氮(NH 3-N)含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);Ⅱ组瘤胃微生物蛋白(MCP)、乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)在产前10 d,Ⅱ组奶牛血清球蛋白(GLB)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在分娩当天,奶牛血清白蛋白(ALB)含量显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。在产前10 d和产后21 d,Ⅱ组奶牛血清尿素氮(UN)含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在产后21 d,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组奶牛血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)在产前10 d,Ⅰ组奶牛血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),在产后10和21 d,Ⅱ组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在分娩当天和产后10 d,Ⅱ组奶牛血清丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在分娩当天,Ⅰ组奶牛血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),在产后10 d,Ⅱ组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。5)在产前10 d和分娩当天,Ⅱ组奶牛血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在分娩当天,Ⅱ组奶牛血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。6)Ⅰ、Ⅱ组新�The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of adding isoacids to the diet during the perinatal period on performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients,rumen fermentation parameters of dairy cows,and serum indicators of dairy cows and newborn calves,and to provide theoretical basis for the rational addition and use of allotopic acid additives in dairy production.A total of 18 healthy Holstein dairy cows with similar 3 parities and expected perinatal dates were divided into 3 groups according to a completely random block design with 6 replicates per group and 1 cow per replicate.The control group cows were only fed a basic diet,while the groupⅠcows were fed the basic diet+30 mL/d isoacids per cow,while the groupⅡcows were fed the basic diet+60 mL/d isoacids per cow.The pre-feeding period lasted for 10 days and the trial period lasted for 42 days,from 21 days before to 21 days after delivery.The results showed as follows:1)on day 10 and 21 after delivery,the milk yield in groupⅠand groupⅡI was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).2)The apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)in groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The ammoniacal nitrogen(NH 3-N)content in groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);the microprotein(MCP),acetic acid,and total volatile fatty acids contents in groupⅡwere significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).3)On day 10 before delivery,serum globulin(GLB)content in groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).On day of delivery,the serum white protein(ALB)content was significantly greater than that in control group and groupⅠ(P<0.05).On day 10 before delivery and day 21 after delivery,the urine nitrogen(UN)content in groupⅡwas substantially lower than that in controlled group(P<0.05).On day 21 after delivery,serum glucose(GLU)content in groupsⅠand�

关 键 词：异位酸 围产期奶牛 新生犊牛 营养物质表观消化率 瘤胃发酵参数 血清指标 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]