硫酸亚铁和蛋氨酸螯合铁在草鱼实用膨化饲料中应用效果比较研究  

Comparative Study on Application Effects of Ferrous Sulfate and FerrousMethionine Chelate in a Practical Expanded Diet forGrass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella )

作　　者：徐光明 刘阿朋 董立学 陆星[2] 田娟[2] 文华[2] 易新文 柴毅[1,4] 蒋明 XU Guangming;LIU Apeng;DONG Lixue;LU Xing;TIAN Juan;WEN Hua;YI Xinwen;CHAI Yi;JIANG Ming(College of Animal Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China;Shenzhen Alpha Feed Group Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518052,China;College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学动物科学学院,荆州434025 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223 [3]深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司,深圳518052 [4]长江大学农学院,荆州434025

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第10期6587-6597,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项“水产养殖动物新型蛋白源开发与高效饲料研制”(2019YFD0900200);深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司项目“淡水鱼料有机矿研发”(2021420119005700)。

摘　　要：为探究草鱼实用膨化饲料中硫酸亚铁和蛋氨酸螯合铁的应用效果,采用草鱼实用配方配制4种试验饲料,对照饲料(T1组)不补充外源铁,另在对照饲料中补充不同来源的铁元素(112 mg/kg),分别为370 mg/kg硫酸亚铁(T2组)、1120 mg/kg蛋氨酸螯合铁(T3组)以及190 mg/kg硫酸亚铁+560 mg/kg蛋氨酸螯合铁(2种铁源分别提供56 mg/kg铁元素,T4组)。选用初始体重为(4.30±0.20)g的草鱼幼鱼480尾,随机分配于16个养殖桶中,每桶30尾,每种饲料随机饲喂4桶试验鱼,在室内循环水养殖系统中养殖8周。结果显示:1)T3组的终末均重、增重率和特定生长率显著高于T1组(P<0.05),而T2、T4组与T1组差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)全鱼粗蛋白质、水分和粗灰分含量各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05);T1组的全鱼铁元素含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),T3组的全鱼铁元素含量显著高于T2组(P<0.05),与T4组无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)T3组的血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量显著高于T4和T1组(P<0.05);T1组的血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),同时T4和T2组显著高于T3组(P<0.05)。4)T1组的肝脏细胞出现空泡、膜边界模糊、细胞核偏移,其他组的肝脏形态较T1组有明显改善。5)T3和T4组的红细胞数目和红细胞比容显著高于T2和T1组(P<0.05);T3和T4组的血红蛋白浓度显著高于T1组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,在实用膨化饲料中添加112 mg/kg(以铁元素计)的蛋氨酸螯合铁更有利于草鱼对铁元素的吸收和利用,有利于血液健康,从而提高草鱼的生长性能和健康水平。The purpose of this experiment was to compare the application effects of ferrous sulfate,ferrous methionine chelates(Fe-Met)in practical expanded diet for grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).Four experimental diets were formulated using grass carp practical formula.No exogenous iron was added in the control diet(T1 group).The other diets were supplemented with different sources of iron(112 mg/kg),which were 370 mg/kg ferrous sulfate(T2 group),1120 mg/kg Fe-Met(T3 group)and 190 mg/kg ferrous sulfate+560 mg/kg Fe-Met(each iron source provided 56 mg/kg iron,T4 group).A total of 480 juvenile grass carp with an initial body weight of(4.30±0.20)g were randomly divided into 16 tanks in a recirculating aquaculture system.Each diet was randomly fed to the fish in four tanks for eight weeks.The results showed that the fish in T3 group had significantly higher final body weight,weight gain rate and specific growth rate than those in T1 group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences between T2 and T4 groups and T1 group(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in moisture,crude protein and ash contents of the whole fish among all groups(P<0.05).The iron content of the whole fish in T1 group was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05),and the iron content of the whole fish in T3 group was significantly higher than that in T2 group(P<0.05),but no significant difference from that in T4 group(P>0.05).Serum total protein and albumin contents in T3 group were significantly higher than those in T1 and T4 groups(P<0.05).The activity of serum aspartate transaminase(AST)in T1 group was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05),and it in T4 and T2 groups was significantly higher than that in T3 group(P<0.05).The liver cells in T1 group showed vacuoles,blurred membrane boundaries,and nuclear migration,while the liver morphology of the other groups was improved.5)The number and volume of erythrocytes in T3 and T4 groups were significantly higher than those in the T1 and T2 groups(P<0.05),and the

关 键 词：硫酸亚铁 蛋氨酸螯合铁 草鱼 生长性能 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]