蚯蚓对镉胁迫的响应及其毒理机制研究进展  

Response of earthworms to cadmium stress and its toxicological mechanism:A review

作　　者：唐彬程 张悦[1,2] 刘嫦娥 罗庆睿[1,2] 赵奕乔 张维兰 刘萍 TANG Bin-cheng;ZHANG Yue;LIU Chang'e;LUO Qing-rui;ZHAO Yi-qiao;ZHANG Wei-lan;LIU Ping(School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences&Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China;International Cooperative Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management of Yunnan,Kunming 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态与环境学院暨云南省高原山地生态与退化环境修复重点实验室,云南昆明650091 [2]云南省高原湖泊生态修复及流域管理国际联合研究中心,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《环境生态学》2023年第10期92-102,共11页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32260315);云南省基础研究专项(202201BF070001-002,202201AS070016)资助。

摘　　要：近年来,土壤重金属污染对生物生存和生态环境质量造成负面影响且危害严重,成为研究热点而被广泛关注。蚯蚓作为典型的大型土壤无脊椎动物,在陆地生态系统的物质循环、能量传递与信息交流的相关环节具有极其重要的生态功能。国内外关于镉(Cd)胁迫对蚯蚓的生理、生长、肠道微生物多样性、组织损伤等影响及蚯蚓的响应效应与适应研究较多,但对毒理机制与响应机理的综合系统归纳较少。从分子、细胞、组织、个体及种群等不同层次总结了土壤Cd胁迫对蚯蚓的毒害效应及机理,系统阐述了蚯蚓通过拒绝吸收、结合钝化、氧化应激及隔离4方面对Cd胁迫作出的响应,进一步总结了蚯蚓适应Cd胁迫土壤的环境行为,从污染危害、生物响应、环境行为3方面阐述蚯蚓与Cd胁迫的相互关系,为土壤重金属污染的生态毒理机理及生物响应机制、环境行为研究提供参考,为土壤环境质量的生态风险评价及后续污染修复提供理论支持,并进一步探索未来污染与生物相互关系研究的发展方向。In recent years,heavy metal pollution in soil has become a hot spot for research as it negatively affects the survival of living organisms and the quality of the ecological environment and is a severe hazard.As typical soil invertebrates,earthworms play a vital ecological role in the material cycle,energy transfer,and information exchange in terrestrial ecosystems.Many research studies have been conducted at home and abroad on the effects of cadmium(Cd)stress on earthworm physiology,growth,gut microbial diversity,tissue damage,and response effects and adaptations.However,more comprehensive and systematic generalizations on toxicological and response mechanisms are required.This paper summarizes the toxic effects and mechanisms of soil Cd stress on earthworms at different levels,including molecular,cellular,tissue,individual,and population levels,and systematically describes the responses of earthworms to Cd stress through four aspects:The rejection of uptake,binding passivation,oxidative stress,and isolation.The environmental behaviors of earthworms adapted to Cd-stressed soils were further summarized.The interrelationship between earthworms and Cd stress was elaborated from three aspects:Pollution hazard,biological response,environmental behavior.The environmental behavior of earthworms adapted to Cd-stressed soils was summarized further,and the interrelationship between earthworms and Cd stress was described using the terms pollution hazard-biological response-environmental behavior.This paper provides a starting point for such research of the ecotoxicological and biological response mechanisms of soil heavy metal pollution and their behavior in the environment,theoretical support for ecological risk assessment of environmental quality and subsequent soil contamination remediation,and future directions for the study of contamination and living organisms.

关 键 词：蚯蚓 镉 生态毒理 响应 环境行为 

分 类 号：S899.8[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] O614.24[农业科学—畜牧兽医]