基于FDM技术的阶梯效应弱化及特征保留自适应分层算法  

Adaptive Layered Algorithm for Mitigating Staircase Effect and Preserving Features Based on FDM Technology

作　　者：张晟祺 解乃军 ZHANG Shengqi;XIE Naijun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing Institute of Technology,Nanjing 211167,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工程学院机械工程学院,江苏南京211167

出　　处：《南京工程学院学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期27-33,共7页Journal of Nanjing Institute of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划项目(3511113218038)。

摘　　要：当FDM 3D打印在模型细节特征较多、外轮廓曲率变化较大时,阶梯误差明显且无法有效保留细节特征.以列表排序法去除STL模型冗余数据并重新建立其三角面片拓扑关系,并提出一种基于FDM技术的自适应分层算法.该算法将3D打印自适应层厚计算问题分解为弱化阶梯效应与保留细节特征两部分,将阶梯误差分别描述为体积误差与尖端高度,模型特征以点、线、面的形式分别计算,得出4个自适应层厚分量并加权结合,以防止特征遗漏为目的,确定下一个分层扫描面高度.与常规等厚分层算法相比,该算法试验模型成型时间缩短30%、分层数减少27%、体积误差缩小34%,且表面质量更佳,在保证3D打印成型质量的前提下,能够最大程度地减少分层数.When FDM-3D printing is used for models with many detailed features and large changes in contour curvature,the staircase error is significant and it is difficult to effectively preserve the detailed features.Based on the removal of redundant data from the STL model using the list sorting method and the re-establishment of its triangle mesh topology,an adaptive layered algorithm based on FDM technology is proposed.The algorithm decomposes the adaptive layer thickness calculation problem for 3D printing into two parts:mitigating the staircase effect and preserving the detailed features.The staircase error is described as volume error and tip height,and the model features are calculated in the form of points,lines,and surfaces.Finally,four adaptive layer thickness components are obtained and weighted,and the next layer scanning plane height is determined to prevent feature omissions.Compared with conventional uniform layer thickness algorithms,the experimental model has a 30%reduction in forming time,a 27%reduction in the number of layers,a 34%reduction in the volume error,and better surface quality.The experiment proves that the algorithm can minimize the number of layers while ensuring the quality of 3D printing.

关 键 词：自适应分层 FDM 3D打印 阶梯效应 模型特征 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]