超大穗水稻R1126及其组合生育后期光合特性与产量的关系  

Relationship Between Photosynthetic Characteristics at Late Growth Stage and Yield of Super Large Panicle Rice R1126 and Its Combinations

作　　者：周红英[1,2] 吴晓亮 雷东阳[3] 陈立云 陈周兵[1,2] 张桂莲[3] 肖应辉 邓化冰[3] ZHOU Hongying;WU Xiaoliang;LEI Dongyang;CHEN Liyun;CHEN Zhoubing;ZHANG Guilian;XIAO Yinghui;DENG Huabing(Hefei Fengle Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Hefei Anhui 230031;Anhui Two-line Hybrid Rice Engineering Technology Research Center,Hefei Anhui 230031;Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha Hunan 410128)

机构地区：[1]合肥丰乐种业股份有限公司,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽省两系杂交稻工程技术研究中心,安徽合肥230031 [3]湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第21期1-8,19,共9页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：安徽省科技重大专项(202103a06020018);安徽省科技重大专项(2021d06050002);安徽省农作物良种联合攻关(水稻)。

摘　　要：以汕优63为对照,对超大穗父本R1126及其4个组合生育后期叶面积变化、光合气体交换参数、叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、产量等进行了分析。结果表明,R1126产量与对照汕优63相当,其组合产量较汕优63高7.40%~24.23%。R1126及其组合生育后期叶面积下降速率缓慢,高效叶面积率高,光合势强;叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)、Rubisco总活力和初始活力较高;光合气体参数净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))和蒸腾速率(T_(r))随生育进程呈下降趋势,但高于汕优63,而胞间C_(2O)浓度(C_(i))呈增加趋势,且低于汕优63;叶绿素荧光参数R、Φ_(PSⅡ)、C_(PQ)随生育进程呈下降趋势,但高于汕优63,而CNPQ值随生育进程呈增加趋势,且低于汕优63。R1126及其4个组合光合源充足,光合效率高,干物质积累量大,光合产物向穗部的运输转化效率高,是其高产形成的主要原因之一。Using Shanyou 63 as a control,this paper analyzed the leaf area changes at the later growth stage,photosynthetic gas exchange parameters,chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,SOD activity and yield of super large panicle male parent R1126 and its four combinations.The results showed that the yield of R1126 was equivalent to the control Shanyou 63,and the yield of its combination was 7.40%-24.23%higher than that of Shanyou 63.R1126 and its combinations had a slow decline rate of leaf area at the later growth stage,high efficient leaf area rate,and strong photosynthetic potential;the relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value),Rubisco total activity,and initial activity of leaves were relatively high;the photosynthetic gas parameters of net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s))and transpiration rate(T_(r))showed a decreasing trend with the growth process,but were higher than those of Shanyou 63,while the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(C_(i))showed an increasing trend and was lower than that of Shanyou 63;chlorophyll fluorescence parameters R,Φ_(PSⅡ)value,CPQ value showed a decreasing trend with the growth process,but were higher than those of Shanyou 63,while the CN_(PQ ) value showed an increasing trend with the growth process and was lower than that of Shanyou 63.R1126 and its four combinations have sufficient photosynthetic sources,strong photosynthetic efficiency,large accumulation of dry matter,and high efficiency of transportation and transformation to the ear,which are the main reasons for their high yield formation.

关 键 词：水稻 超大穗 R1126及其组合 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]