手参内生真菌及根际土壤真菌多样性研究进展  

Research Progress on Diversity of Endophytic Fungi and Fungi in Rhizosphere Soil of Gymnadenia conopsea

作　　者：阿拉坦存布尔 曹乌吉斯古楞 包金花[3] 宝音图[1,2] 胡红霞 王秀兰[1] Altancunbuer;CAO Wujisiguleng;BAO Jinhua;Baoyintu;HU Hongxia;WANG Xiulan(Mongolian Medical College,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao Inner Mongolia 028000;Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research and Development Engineering,Ministry of Education,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao Inner Mongolia 028000;Agricultural College,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao Inner Mongolia 028000)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学蒙医药学院,内蒙古通辽028000 [2]内蒙古民族大学/蒙医药研发工程教育部重点实验室,内蒙古通辽028000 [3]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第21期76-83,86,共9页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0003);内蒙古民族大学博士启动基金(BS509)。

摘　　要：手参为二级珍稀濒危植物,具有极高的药用价值。真菌对手参生长具有重要影响,应筛选获取有效促进手参幼苗生长的共生真菌,开展恢复生态资源栽培已成为必然趋势。本文通过文献研究整理统计了涉及中国8个地区和其他4个国家的手参内生真菌和根际土壤真菌多样性及其生物学功能研究现状,统计了手参内生真菌共隶属于79属,其中角担菌属、青霉菌属、曲霉属、背芽突霉属、木霉属和Zymoseptoria为手参内生真菌优势类群。从手参不同器官中分离得到的内生真菌属数从多到少依次为块茎>地上茎、叶>果荚>原球茎>幼苗,花中未分离到;隶属产地排序依次为西藏>北京>甘肃>四川>吉林>河北、黑龙江。手参内生真菌在植物不同器官及不同产地间存在明显差异。手参根际土壤真菌隶属于43属,其中镰刀菌属、木霉属、耙齿菌属为优势类群。手参根际土壤真菌群落结构在不同产地间也存在明显差异,并且各产地手参根际土壤真菌优势类群各不同。手参内生真菌对手参种子萌发及幼苗生长发育有着重要影响,并具有明显抑菌活性。应全面了解手参内生真菌,进一步扩大手参分布范围,考虑手参不同生长期内生真菌群落结构变化,开展内生真菌分离鉴定技术的优化与提升以及生物功能的研究与评价等工作,为手参人工繁殖、内生菌资源的开发与利用提供参考。Gymnadenia conopsea is listed as a Class II rare and endangered plant and has high medicinal value.Fungi have an important effect on the growth of G.conopsea,so it is necessary to select and obtain symbiotic fungi that can effectively promote the growth of G.conopsea seedlings,and it has become an inevitable trend to carry out the cultivation of restoring ecological resources.This paper summarized the research status of G.conopsea endophytic fungi and rhizosphere soil fungi diversity and their biological functions involving 8 areas in China and 4 other countries through literature research,a total of 79 genera G.conopsea endophytic fungi were identified,among which,Ceratobasidium,Penicillium,Aspergillus,Cadophora,Trichoderma and Zymoseptoria were the dominant groups of G.conopsea endophytic fungi.The number of endophytic fungi isolated from different organs of G.conopsea ranged from more to less as follows:tuber>above-ground stem,leaf>pod>protocorm>seedling,and no fungi were isolated from flowers;the order of place of origin was Tibet>Beijing>Gansu>Sichuan>Jilin>Hebei,Heilongjiang.G.conopsea endophytic fungi had obvious differences in different organs of plants and different habitats.G.conopsea rhizosphere soil fungi belonged to 43 genera,among which,Fusarium,Trichoderma and Razotine were the dominant groups.The community structure of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of G.conopsea was also significantly different in different habitats,and the dominant groups of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of G.conopsea were different in different habitats.G.conopsea endophytic fungi had important effects on seed germination and seedling growth and development of G.conopsea,and had obvious antibacterial activity.It is necessary to fully understand endophytic fungi of G.conopsea,further expand their distribution range,consider the changes in endophytic fungal community structure of G.conopsea at different growth stages,optimize and improve the isolation and identification techniques of endophytic fungi,study and evaluate their biolo

关 键 词：手参 内生真菌 根际土壤真菌 多样性 生物活性 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]