空气源热泵热水机除霜控制性能评价研究  

Evaluation of defrosting control performance for air-source heat pump hot water units

作　　者：魏文哲 张佳明 孙育英 王伟[1,2,3] 邸浩然 代传民[4] Wei Wenzhe;Zhang Jiaming;Sun Yuying;Wang Wei;Di Haoran;Dai Chuanmin(Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology,Beijing;Beijing University of Technology,Beijing;Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing;Qingdao Haier Smart Technology R&D Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao)

机构地区：[1]绿色建筑环境与节能技术北京市重点实验室,北京 [2]北京工业大学,北京 [3]北京石油化工学院,北京 [4]青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司,青岛

出　　处：《暖通空调》2023年第11期1-6,149,共7页Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目(编号:2022M710284)。

摘　　要：空气源热泵在冬季制热运行时面临着不同程度的结霜问题,良好的除霜控制性能能够有效缓解结霜对机组能效的影响。由于空气源热泵型式多样,结霜特性差异明显,目前尚无可量化的除霜控制性能指标,导致厂家缺少除霜控制方法设计准则,机组在实际供暖过程中“误除霜”事故频发。为得到可有效量化机组除霜控制性能的通用性评价指标,本文对来自不同厂家的9台不同本构配置的空气源热泵热水机进行了实验研究。通过对实验结果进行分析,揭示了最佳除霜控制点与本构配置之间的关系,建立了标准结霜工况与一般结霜工况下最佳除霜控制点预测模型,并基于最佳除霜控制点和不同制热能力衰减率下机组性能参数变化,提出以“偏移最佳除霜时间-15%”(下限)与“制热能力衰减率20%”(上限)作为评价空气源热泵机组除霜控制性能的指标范围。Air-source heat pumps(ASHPs)will encounter different degrees of frosting problem during space heating in winter.Reasonable defrosting control performance can effectively mitigate the influence of frosting on the unit s energy efficiency.Due to the various types of ASHPs as well as the obvious differences in frosting characteristics,there is no quantifiable defrosting control performance index,leading to the lack of design guidelines for defrosting control methods for manufacturers.This further results in the frequent occurrence of“mal-defrosting”accidents in the actual space heating.In order to obtain a general evaluation index that can effectively quantify the defrosting control performance of the unit,experimental studies are conducted based on nine air-source heat pump hot water units from different manufacturers,and the characteristic indexes for the configuration and operation(CICO)of these units are various.By analysing the experimental results,the relationship between the optimal defrosting initiating time point and the value of CICO is revealed,and the predictive models of the optimal defrosting initiating time point under standard frosting condition and general frosting condition are established.Based on the variations of the heating performance at the optimal defrosting initiating time point and different reduction rates of heating capacity,the“offsetting optimal initiating time point-15%”(lower limit)and“heating capacity reduction rate 20%”(upper limit)are proposed as the index range for evaluating the defrosting control performance of ASHPs.

关 键 词：空气源热泵 除霜控制性能 最佳除霜控制点 本构配置 预测模型 

分 类 号：TU83[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]