苏南地区小青菜耐淹特性试验研究  

Submergence Tolerance Characteristics of Chinese Cabbage in Southern Jiangsu

作　　者：陈义浦 张少卿 刘聪 周明耀[2] CHEN Yipu;ZHANG Shaoqing;LIU Cong;ZHOU Mingyao(Nanjing Water Planning and Designing Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210001,China;School of Water Resources Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市水利规划设计院股份有限公司,江苏南京210001 [2]扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《水利与建筑工程学报》2023年第5期199-203,共5页Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering

基　　金：江苏省水利科技项目(20141014000031)。

摘　　要：为了探明苏南地区常见蔬菜作物小青菜的耐淹特性,以小青菜品种苏州青3号为材料,通过大棚盆栽试验,研究不同淹水深度、淹水历时条件对小青菜7~8叶期生长形态、叶绿素、根系发育、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,小青菜淹水处理后生长受到显著抑制,与对照组比较,作物叶绿素含量减少了3%~34%,株高QC1处理稍有涨幅,增加了2.65%,其余处理分别减少了9.52%~31.22%。叶绿素含量和株高随着淹水历时的延长呈减少趋势,枯萎叶片占总叶片比重随着淹水历时的延长急剧上升,作物根系发育及生物品质受害程度也愈严重;相同淹水历时条件下,淹水深度5 cm的小青菜减产率均低于淹水深度10 cm的处理,差异不显著;相同淹水深度条件下,淹水历时对小青菜的产量影响显著,淹水12 h小青菜减产率达到48%。说明小青菜临采收期耐淹能力较差,为保险起见,如发生涝害等情况,必须在12 h内将菜地地表水及时排除并进行降渍处理。In order to explore the submergence tolerance characteristics of common vegetable crops in southern Jiangsu,a Chinese cabbage Suzhouqing 3 was used as material,a pot experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of different submergence depths and submergence durations on the growth morphology,chlorophyll,root development,yield and quality of Chinese cabbage at 7~8 leaf stage.The results showed that the growth of Chinese cabbage was significantly inhibited after flooding treatment.Compared with the control,the chlorophyll content of crops decreased by 3%~34%,the plant height of QC1 treatment increased by 2.65%,and the other treatments decreased by 9.52%~31.22%.The plant height and chlorophyll content decreased with the prolongation of flooding duration.The proportion of withered leaves to total leaves increased sharply with the prolongation of flooding duration,and the damage degree of crop root development and biological quality was more serious.Under the condition of the same flooding duration,the yield reduction rate of Chinese cabbage with 5 cm flooding depth was lower than that with 10 cm flooding depth,and the difference was not significant.Under the same flooding depth,the flooding duration had a significant effect on the yield of Chinese cabbage,and the yield reduction rate of Chinese cabbage reached 48%after 12 h flooding.It is indicated that the waterlogging tolerance of small Chinese cabbage is poor in 7~8 leaf stage.If waterlogging occurs,the surface water of vegetable field must be removed and treated in time within 12 hours.

关 键 词：小青菜 耐淹特性 涝渍胁迫 淹水深度 淹水历时 

分 类 号：S507[农业科学—作物学]