数字贸易规则谈判与中国利益  

Negotiations on Digital Trade Rules and China's Interests

作　　者：高疆 盛斌[2] Gao Jiang;Sheng Bin

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院世界经济研究所,200001 [2]南开大学,300071

出　　处：《世界社会科学》2023年第4期171-187,246,共18页SOCIAL SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL

基　　金：上海市2023年度“科技创新行动计划”软科学研究项目“上海参与跨境数据流动全球治理规则的路径和方案研究”(23692117000)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着信息和数据流动的增长速度远远超过传统的货物和服务贸易的增长速度,数字贸易规则成为全球经贸治理体系中的重要议题。首先,通过对目前多边框架内的207份WTO电子商务提案、48份WTO“电子商务联合倡议”提案、《WTO电子商务谈判合并文案》进行全样本分析,可以发现中国、美国、欧盟等核心经济体在WTO框架内就数字贸易规则谈判的谈判目的、谈判导向、谈判模式、机制路径、谈判焦点,以及特殊差别待遇原则均存在显著差异。其次,《WTO电子商务谈判合并文案》是WTO未来开展数字议题谈判的基础,反映了核心经济体数字产业发展程度、开放水平、监管理念差异带来的利益分歧。因此,现阶段中国在跨境数据流动、源代码、云服务、电子传输永久免征关税等数字贸易“新”议题上具有较强的守势利益,在物流服务、数字支付服务等依托数字技术实现传统货物贸易升级,以及5G技术产品和服务等具有先发优势的议题上具有较强的攻势利益。As the growth rate of cross-border flow of data and information far exceeds that of traditional trade in goods and services,digital trade rule has become an unavoidable issue in international trade governance.Through a full-screen analysis of 207 WTO E-commerce Work Program proposals and 48 WTO E-commerce Joint Initiative proposals,this paper finds that there are significant divergences among the core WTO members including China,U.S.,and EU,in terms of negotiation purpose,orientation,mode,mechanism,core issues,or SDT.In addition,this paper examines the Consolidated Negotiating Text of WTO E-commerce Negotiations,which builds the foundation of WTO's future E-commerce negotiation.The findings indicate that on one hand,China demonstrates strong defensive interests in WTO-E issues,such as crossborder data flow,source code,cloud services,customs duties on electronic transmissions as well.On the other hand,China has offensive interests in logistics services,electronic payments services,and 5G technology.Finally,this paper put forward policy recommendations for China for building global digital trade rules.

关 键 词：数字贸易规则 利益分歧 中国 

分 类 号：F740.41[经济管理—国际贸易] F752[经济管理—产业经济]