骨髓间充质干细胞来源的外泌体在脊髓损伤中的研究进展  

Research Progress of Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injury

作　　者：姚克瑞 刘庆鹏[1] YAO Kerui;LIU Qingpeng(Department of Orthopedics,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院骨科,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《医学综述》2023年第8期1497-1501,1509,共6页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：脊髓损伤(SCI)的治疗一直是脊柱外科急需攻破的难题,随着学者对SCI病理生理机制的深入研究,细胞移植疗法为治疗SCI带来希望。骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)来源的外泌体作为细胞移植的焦点,可通过旁分泌作用参与机体抗炎、抗细胞凋亡、促进轴突再生、减少胶质瘢痕生成等作用。外泌体分子量较小不会引起排斥反应,避免了移植BMSCs带来的致瘤性、移植率低、伦理等问题。基因修饰后的外泌体将对SCI的治疗、恢复患者肢体运动功能起到关键作用,这为未来治疗SCI提供了新方向。The treatment of spinal cord injury(SCI)has always been a difficult problem in spinal surgery.With the in-depth study of the pathophysiological mechanism of SCI by scholars,cell transplantation therapy brings hope for the treatment of SCI.The exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs),as the focus of cell transplantation,can participate in the body′s anti-inflammatory,anti-apoptosis,promote axon regeneration,reduce glial scar formation and other functions through paracrine action.The small molecular weight of exosomes will not cause rejection,which avoids the problems of tumorigenicity,low transplantation rate and ethics brought by transplantation of BMSCs.Genetically modified exosomes will play a key role in the treatment of SCI and the recovery of the patients′limb motor function,which provides a new direction for the treatment of SCI in the future.

关 键 词：脊髓损伤 骨髓间充质干细胞 外泌体 

分 类 号：R683.2[医药卫生—骨科学]