乡村宽带建设与农村劳动力迁移  

Broadband Infrastructure Construction and Labor Migration in Rural China

作　　者：乔雪 袁璐璐 罗楚亮 QIAO Xue;YUAN Lulu;LUO Chuliang

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院 [2]中南财经政法大学经济学院 [3]中国人民大学劳动人事学院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2023年第9期74-100,共27页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“劳动力流动视角下健全城乡融合机制研究”(编号:21&ZD076);国家自然科学基金面上项目“信息数字技术对中国劳动力迁移、城乡融合和宏观经济增长的影响”(编号:72073133);国家自然科学基金面上项目“我国劳动力市场匹配效率及其经济效应”(编号:71973015)的资助。

摘　　要：为考察乡村宽带建设对农村劳动力迁移的影响,本文建立劳动力迁移模型并借助“宽带乡村”试点工程和电信普遍服务试点项目的政策冲击,采用双重差分方法对2013年和2018年农村住户调查数据进行分析。研究发现:乡村宽带建设显著促进农村劳动力迁移,该作用在迁移成本较低、期望迁移工资较高的人群中更为明显;在迁移模式上,省内跨市迁移明显增加,人们更多地向省会迁移。影响机制分析发现:乡村宽带建设改变了农村劳动力的工作搜寻模式,缩短了他们的工作搜寻时间;在上网设施上,农村劳动力更多地使用手机来获取信息。本文研究结论表明,宽带建设通过放松地理距离对信息流动和获取的局限进一步促进了农村劳动力迁移。Based on the labor migration model and the quasi-experiment of“Broadband Countryside”project and“Universal Telecommunications Service”pilot project,this paper applies the 2013 and 2018 rural household survey data to the difference-in-differences model to study how the broadband infrastructure construction in rural areas affects rural labor migration in China.The results indicate that the broadband infrastructure construction in rural areas has a significant and positive effect on rural labor migration,and the positive effect is stronger among people with lower migration costs and higher expected post-migration wages.In terms of migration patterns,there has been a marked increase in intra-provincial and cross-city migration,with more people moving to provincial capitals.Mechanism analyses show that the broadband infrastructure construction in rural area could change the job-search pattern of rural labor force,reduce their job-search time,and increase the use of cell phones to access information.This paper illustrates that the broadband infrastructure investment in rural areas could facilitate rural labor migration by easing the restrictions of geographic distance on information flow and access.

关 键 词：乡村宽带建设 信息摩擦 农村劳动力 迁移 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F623