终而复始:古米廖夫的民族(этнос)理论及其影响  

End and Start Again:Lev Gumilev's Ethnos Theory and Its Influence

作　　者：丁宏[1] 陈曦 DING Hong;CHEN Xi

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地中央民族大学中国少数民族研究中心,北京100081 [2]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《西北民族研究》2023年第4期40-53,共14页Journal of Northwestern Ethnic Studies

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助重大项目“社会转型过程中的俄罗斯民族学研究”(编号:19JHQ012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：古米廖夫是苏联著名的民族学家,他在批判性地继承史禄国思想的基础上,为苏联民族(этнос)理论的发展作出了重要贡献。“终而复始”是古米廖夫的民族(этнос)理论及其影响的共同写照。一方面,古米廖夫的族源假说描述了民族“终而复始”的发展历程;另一方面,古米廖夫的民族(этнос)理论在苏联解体后焕发新生,风行一时。为系统评述古米廖夫的民族(этнос)理论,文章循着其理论脉络,从地理科学、生物科学、系统科学、历史科学四条线索出发,对其民族(этнос)理论进行了较为深入的阐释,并探讨了其民族(этнос)理论对俄罗斯及其周边国家的影响及产生这种影响的原因。Lev Gumilev is a famous ethnologist in the Soviet Union.On the basis of critically inheriting S.M.Shirokogoroff's thought,he made an important contribution to the development of Soviet ethnos theory.End and start again is a common reflection of Gumilev's ethnos theory and its influence.On the one hand,Gumilev's ethnogenesis hypothesis describes the development process of ethnos' end and start again;On the other hand,Gumilev's ethnos theory was reborn and became popular after the collapse of the Soviet Union.This paper follows Gumilev's theoretical context,starting from the four clues of geographical science,biological science,systems science and historical science,to systematically introduce and comment on Gumilev's ethnos theory,and discusses the impact of Gumilev's ethnos theory in Russia and surrounding countries and its reasons.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 民族学 古米廖夫 民族(этнос) 族源 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]