杉木优良速生无性系选育研究  

Study on Clonal Breeding of Excellent Fast Growing of Cunninghamia lanceolata

作　　者：陈建毅 Chen Jianyi(Guanzhuang State-owned Forest Farm,Shaxian,Fujian 365050,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省沙县官庄国有林场,福建沙县365050

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第17期91-95,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：无性系育种是以科学遗传育种学理论为指导,采用一定方法、程序和步骤,选育出性状优良单株,通过大规模繁殖建立无性系测定林,以选择生长快、产量高、品质好、抗性强等优良性状的无性系,广泛推广应用于生产。杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook是我国南方最重要的造林树种,具有较高的经济价值,优良无性系苗木的繁育和推广应用意义重大。为此,在福建省A国有林场,利用5~8年生杉木二代种子园的70个无性系,进行了杉木速生优良无性系的测定和选择试验。结果表明:15年生杉木无性系胸径18.70 cm,树高11.89 m,单株立木材积0.19372 m^(3),胸径、树高和个体立木材积的重复性分别为0.5966、0.6115和0.6249。与福建省速生丰产杉木林的生长指标相比,生长状况较好。通过遗传变异分析,筛选出10个单株材积遗传增益不低于30%的速生无性系。15年生平均胸径、树高和单株材积分别为24.08 cm、14.33 m和0.35777 m^(3),遗传增益分别为17.15%、12.57%和52.92%。Clonal breeding is guided by scientific genetic breeding theory.Certain methods,procedures and steps are adopted to select single plants with excellent traits,and clonal determination forest through large-scale breeding is established so as to select clones with excellent traits such as fast growth,high yield,good quality and strong resistance,which is widely used in production.Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook is the most important afforestation tree species in southern China,which has high economic value,and the breeding and promotion of excellent clonal seedlings is of great significance.The determination and selection of the excellent clone in A State-Owned Forest Farm in Fujian Province is conducted.The results showed that the 15-year-old clone was 18.70cm,tree height 11.89m and 0.19372m^(3).The repeats of D diameter,tree height and individual tree product were 0.5966,0.6115 and 0.6249,respectively.Compared with the growth index of fast-growing and high-yielding fir forest in Fujian Province,the growth condition is better.Through genetic variation analysis,10 fast-growing clones with at least 30%were selected.The 15-year mean breast size,tree height and individual stock product were 24.08cm,14.33m and 0.35777m^(3),and the genetic gain was 17.15%,12.57%and 52.92%,respectively.

关 键 词：杉木 无性系 重复力 遗传增益 

分 类 号：S791[农业科学—林木遗传育种]