野生茅叶荩草栽培驯化的研究  

Cultivation and Domestication of Wild Arthraxon prionodes (Steudel)Dandy

作　　者：周云 庞静 张梅 王藜颖 李志华 丁玉雄 普文富 李品荣 常恩福 ZHOU Yun;PANG Jing;ZHANG Mei;WANG Liying;LI Zhihua;DING Yuxiong;PU Wenfu;LI Pinrong;CHANG Enfu(Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China;Jianshui County Forestry and Grassland Science and Technology Promotion Station,Jianshui Yunnan 654300,P.R.China;Fumin County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Fumin Yunnan 650400,P.R.China;National Location Observation Research Station of Jianshui Desert Ecosystem in Yunnan,Jianshui Yunnan 654399,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201 [2]建水县林业和草原科技推广站,云南建水654300 [3]富民县林业和草原局,云南富民650400 [4]云南建水荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,云南建水654399

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2023年第5期69-75,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省林业和草原局计划项目“云南乡土草种收集和良种选育”,云南省基金项目(202205AM07006)。

摘　　要：为开展野生茅叶荩草的栽培驯化研究,采用群体选育的方法,以分蘖数和穗长作为其表型选择性状进行茅叶荩草野生及人工栽培优异群体的筛选,并开展相应的田间试验。结果显示:栽培驯化可在保证其优良性状的前提下有效促进茅叶荩草的生长,具有生长快、适应性强及生物量大的特点。在生产应用栽培条件下,茅叶荩草的子代种植3个月时,株高、叶长和分蘖数分别为47.3 cm、5.0 cm和8.5株,地上和地下部分的鲜生物量分别达18.61 t/hm^(2)和12.41 t/hm^(2)。基于子代的生长表现,可以将分蘖数和穗长2个性状作为该草种驯化品种或良种选育的人工栽培优异群体的选择标准。鉴于当前乡土草种种子匮乏的情况,可以在云南省干热和半干旱的亚热带季风气候地区推广应用茅叶荩草作为生态修复草,播种量不宜超过20.0 kg/hm^(2)。To carry out research on the cultivation and domestication of Arthraxon prionodes(Steudel.)Dandy,the population breeding was used to select excellent populations of wild and cultivated populations,using tiller number and spike length as phenotypic selection traits,and corresponding field experiments were conducted.The results showed that cultivation and domestication effectively not only promote the growth of A.prionodes(Steudel)Dandy but also maintain its excellent properties,leading to populations with fast growth,strong adaptability,and high biomass.The plant height,leaf length,and tiller number of its offspring were 47.3 cm,5.0 cm,and 8.5 branches after 3 months of planting under production and cultivation conditions.The fresh biomass of its overground and underground parts has reached 18.61 t/hm^(2)and 12.41 t/hm^(2),respectively.Based on the growth performance of its progeny,the tiller number and ear length can be considered as the selection criteria for domesticated varieties or excellent cultivated populations of improved varieties of this grass species.The use of this species as an ecological restoration grass can be popularized in dry-hot and semi-arid subtropical monsoon climate regions of Yunnan province due to the lack of native grass seeds,and the sowing rate should not exceed 20 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：茅叶荩草 野生 二次选择 驯化选育 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]