宁夏灌区玉米一次性机械化施肥技术效应研究  

Research on the Effect of One-Time Mechanized Fertilization Technology for Maize in the Irrigation Area of Ningxia

作　　者：周玉龙 蔡启明 张文杰[2] 赵健[2] 王永宏 赵如浪[2] Zhou Yulong;Cai Qiming;Zhang Wenjie;Zhao Jian;Wang Yonghong;Zhao Rulang(Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;Institute of Crops,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2023年第7期13-16,共4页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目“玉米优势产业区域化生产提质增效关键技术研究与示范”;国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02-56);宁夏自然基金项目(2020AAC03306)。

摘　　要：为了明确玉米一次性施肥技术效应,探索一次性施肥最佳肥料配比,在宁夏灌区开展了玉米一次性施肥控释肥与普通尿素配比及控释肥一次性机械化施肥试验。结果表明,玉米一次性施肥纯氮施用量180kg/hm2,控释肥∶尿素为2∶1(质量比)处理较控释肥∶尿素为1∶2(质量比)处理玉米平均增产4.11%;并且控释肥一次性机械化施肥较常规高产施肥增产2.24%~5.38%,生产成本平均降低8.4%,玉米纯收入增加了9.4%。在宁夏灌区控释肥一次性机械化施用可以明显降低生产成本,是满足区域玉米全程机械化发展需求,实现高产高效的有效途径。In order to clarify the effect of one-time fertilization technology for corn,an experiment was conducted in the irrigation area of Ningxia to explore the optimal fertilizer ratio for one-time fertilization with controlled-release fertilizer compared to ordinary urea,as well as the one-time mechanical fertilization with controlled-release fertilizer.The results showed that the application rate of pure nitrogen for one-time fertilization of corn was 180 kg/hm2,with a ratio of controlled-release fertilizer to urea of 2︰1(by mass),resulting in an average yield increase of 4.11%compared to a ratio of 1︰2(by mass).The one-time mechanical fertilization with controlled-release fertilizer increased yield by 2.24%to 5.38%compared to conventional high-yield fertilization,with an average reduction in production cost of 8.4%and an increase in net income of 9.4%for corn.In the irrigation area of Ningxia,one-time mechanical fertilization with controlled-release fertilizer can significantly reduce production costs and is an effective way to meet the demand for comprehensive mechanization in the region and achieve high yield and efficiency.

关 键 词：玉米 一次性施肥 控释肥 宁夏灌区 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]