土壤类型及含水量对花蓟马蛹期发育及羽化的影响  

Effect of Soil Type and Water Content on the Development and Eclosion of Frankliniella Intonsa Pseudopupa

作　　者：潘润东 李培征 韩冬银[2] 符悦冠[2] 詹灿烂 李磊[2] PAN Rundong;LI Peizheng;HAN Dongyin;FU Yueguan;ZHAN Canlan;LI Lei(College of Plant Protection,Hainan University,Haikou 570228;Key Laboratory for Integrated Pest Management of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101)

机构地区：[1]海南大学植物保护学院,海口570228 [2]农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第30期138-143,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金“芒果园配植平托花生抑制入土化蛹害虫种群增长的生态学机制”(320RC694);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项“热区果蔬(芒果、豇豆)蓟马绿色高效防控技术研究与应用”(1630042022007)。

摘　　要：基于花蓟马Frankliniella intonsa(Trybom)偏好土壤内化蛹的习性,研究不同土壤及含水量对花蓟马化蛹及羽化的影响,以期为花蓟马蛹控制技术提供重要依据。采集黏土、壤土和沙土3种土壤并在105℃条件下烘干,在3种土壤中添加纯水至其含水量达到3.00%、5.00%、10.00%、15.00%、20.00%和25.00%,随后将花蓟马老熟2龄若虫引入不同类型及含水量的土壤,观察其化蛹与羽化。土壤类型及含水量均显著影响了花蓟马的羽化,且2种因素之间交互作用显著(P<0.05)。在所有供试土壤中,随着土壤含水量的增加,花蓟马羽化率表现出先升高后降低的趋势。其中,花蓟马在含水量为10.00%沙土中羽化率最高,可达77.50%;在黏土中,当土壤含水量为15.00%时,花蓟马羽化率最高达63.33%;而在壤土中,当土壤含水量为15.00%和20.00%时,花蓟马的羽化率最高,分别为50.00%和47.50%。此外,研究发现花蓟马的羽化高峰在15.00%含水量的沙土中出现在第4天,而在其他含水量沙土以及所有含水量的黏土和壤土中其羽化高峰为第3天。土壤类型与含水量共同制约着花蓟马的化蛹及羽化,田间可以通过控制土壤湿度来干预花蓟马的化蛹及羽化。Based on the current knowledge that Frankliniella intonsa(Trybom)prefers pupating in soil,the effects of soil types and water contents on the pupation and eclosion of F.intonsa were examined to provide some important evidence for controlling F.intonsa pseudopupae.The clay,loam and sandy soils were collected and dried at 105℃.Then the pure water was added till the water contents of the three types of soil reached 3.00%,5.00%,10.00%,15.00%,20.00%,and 25.00%.Subsequently,the 2nd-instar nymphs were put into the three types of soil with different water contents to observe the pupation and eclosion of F.intonsa.Soil type and water content significantly affected the eclosion of F.intonsa,and their interactions were significant(P<0.05).In all tested soils,the eclosion rate of F.intonsa first increased and then decreased with the increase of soil water content.Hereinto,the eclosion rate of F.intonsa was highest in the sandy soil with 10.00%water content,which was up to 77.50%,followed by the 63.33%eclosion rate in the clay soil with 15.00%water content.However,the eclosion rate of F.intonsa was highest in the loam soil with 15.00%and 20.00%water content,which were 50.00%and 47.50%,respectively.In addition,the eclosion peak of F.intonsa occurred on the 4th day in the sandy soil with 15.00%water content,but the peak appeared on the 3rd day in the sandy soil with other water contents,and the clay and loam soil with all water contents.The pupation and eclosion of F.intonsa are restricted by the soil type and water content.Their pupation and eclosion can be interfered by controlling the soil moisture in the field.

关 键 词：花蓟马 土壤类型 土壤含水量 羽化率 发育历期 

分 类 号：S433.89[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]