高碳铬轴承外圈淬火数值模拟与实验研究  

Numerical simulation and experimental study on quenching of high carbon chromium bearing outer ring

作　　者：刘晴晴 刘乾 蒋加旋 陈明[1] 巨东英 LIU Qingqing;LIU Qian;JIANG Jiaxuan;CHEN Ming;JU Dongying(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Liaoning University of Science and Technology,Anshan 114051,China;School of Materials and Metallurgy,Liaoning University of Science and Technology,Anshan 114051,China;Advanced Science Research Institute,Qiyu University of Technology,Qiyu 3690293,Japan)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]辽宁科技大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [3]琦玉工业大学先端科学研究所,琦玉3690293,日本

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2023年第10期78-86,共9页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2018YFE0207000)。

摘　　要：以GCr15轴承套圈为研究对象,利用数值模拟和实验研究的方法。利用COSMAP数值模拟软件进行GCr15轴承外圈的淬火模拟。淬火工艺选择为:加热845℃+保温25 min+油淬,加热时间为15 min。模拟结果表明:轴承外圈心部与外部冷却速度不同,外部冷却速度比心部冷却速度快,外部内外表面冷却速度基本一致;淬火过程中,组织只要为马氏体和残余奥氏体,由于外部冷却速度快,马氏体由内而外分布;淬火开始时,外部径向位移减小速度比心部快,在组织应力和热应力的共同作用下,出现反向增大的过程,后又趋于平稳。采用磁研磨工艺对轴承套圈表面进行处理,利用电子背散射衍射分析(EBSD)确定轴承外圈中碳化物种类为M_(23)C_(6)型碳化物,使用场发射扫描电镜(SEM)对预处理完成的外圈进行观测,结果显示,M_(23)C_(6)型碳化物的形貌为:多个孤立的核心与其相邻的核心相互接触形成棒状碳化物;单个核心持续长大或者多个核心互相接触形成块状碳化物;棒状碳化物相互接触或者与块状碳化物相互接触继而形成不规则片状碳化物,即共晶碳化物。Taking GCr15 bearing rings as the research object,numerical simulation and experimental research methods are used.In terms of numerical simulation,COSMAP numerical simulation software is used to simulate the quenching of the outer ring of GCr15 bearing.The quenching process is selected as follows:heating at 845℃+holding for 25 minutes+oil quenching,with a heating time of 15 minutes.The simulation results show that the cooling speed of the outer ring center of the bearing is different from that of the outer ring.The external cooling speed is faster than the center speed,and the cooling speed of the outer and inner surfaces is basically the same;During quenching,as long as the structure is martensite and residual austenite,martensite is distributed from inside to outside due to the fast external cooling rate;At the beginning of quenching,the external radial displacement decreases faster than the center,and under the combined action of structural stress and thermal stress,a reverse increase process occurs,which then stabilizes.In terms of experimental research.The surface of the bearing ring is treated using magnetic grinding technology to remove most impurities and oxides,making it easy to observe the test piece.Electron backscatter diffraction analysis(EBSD)is used to determine the type of carbide in the outer ring of the bearing as M_(23)C_(6)type carbides.Field emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM)is used to observe the pre-treated outer ring,and the observation results showed that the mechanism of morphological changes in M_(23)C_(6)type carbides can be summarized as follows:multiple isolated cores come into contact with their adjacent cores to form rod-shaped carbides;a single core continues to grow or multiple cores come into contact with each other to form blocky carbides;rod shaped carbides come into contact with each other or with block shaped carbides,resulting in the formation of irregular sheet shaped carbides,namely eutectic carbides.

关 键 词：GCr15:热处理:数值模拟:碳化物 M_(23)C_(6) 

分 类 号：TJ04[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术] TG156.34[金属学及工艺—热处理]