某RDX基浇注PBX的加速老化规律与寿命评估  

Accelerated Aging Regulation and Life Evaluation of RDX Based Cast PBX

作　　者：许春 张冬梅[2] 张鹏[1] 郝晓飞[1] 肖茜 睢贺良[1] XU Chun;ZHANG Dong-mei;ZHANG Peng;HAO Xiao-fei;XIAO Qian;SUI He-liang(Institute of Chemical Materials,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Sichuan Mianyang 621900,China;Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621900 [2]西安近代化学研究所,西安710065

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2023年第10期101-107,共7页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的掌握环三亚甲基三硝胺(RDX)基浇注高聚物黏结炸药(PBX)的加速老化规律,分析老化机理和关键敏感参量,并探讨加速老化寿命评估方法。方法针对RDX基浇注PBX开展60、70、80℃等恒定温度下的加速贮存老化试验,采用微焦点X射线计算机断层扫描仪(微焦点CT)、核磁共振、气相色谱等方法,分析浇注炸药在老化过程中微孔隙率、交联密度以及增塑剂含量等结构参量的变化规律,通过对这几种参量的对比,分析其老化机理,并进一步对加速老化寿命评估方法进行初步探讨。结果浇注PBX在加速老化过程中会出现明显的孔隙率逐渐增加、交联密度逐渐增加以及增塑剂逐渐降低等问题,且表现为温度越高,相关性能参量变化得越快。鉴于增塑剂含量的降低理论上会导致孔隙率增加,且增塑剂具有降低感度的作用,对于侵彻安定性具有较大的影响,且增塑剂含量的表征方法简便,以增塑剂含量作为浇注PBX的敏感参量,采用阿伦尼乌斯模型,对浇注PBX的寿命进行了评估。结论RDX基浇注PBX在加速老化过程中孔隙率、交联密度以及增塑剂含量会出现较为明显的变化,可作为性能评价的敏感参量。以增塑剂含量作为敏感参量,以增塑剂含量降低10%为判据,推导出RDX基浇注PBX的寿命约为14.5 a(25℃)和23.8 a(21℃)。The work aims to obtain the accelerated aging law of RDX based cast polymer bonded explosive(PBX),analyze the aging mechanism and key sensitive parameters,and explore the evaluation method of accelerated aging life.Accelerated storage aging tests were carried out at constant temperatures such as 60,70℃,and 80℃for RDX based cast PBX.Micr℃o-focal CT,nuclear magnetic resonance,gas chromatography,and other methods were used to investigate the microporosity rate of cast explosive during the aging process.The variation patterns of structural parameters such as cross-linking density and plas-ticizer content were compared and analyzed for their aging mechanisms,and further exploration was conducted on the acceler-ated aging life assessment method.During the accelerated aging process of cast PBX,there would be obvious problems such as increasing porosity,increasing cross-linking density,and decreasing plasticizer.The higher the temperature,the faster the changes in related performance parameters.Considering that a decrease in plasticizer content theoretically lead to an increase in porosity,and that plasticizers had the effect of reducing sensitivity,which had a significant impact on penetration stability.In addition,due to the characterization method of plasticizer content was sample,this article evaluated the lifespan of cast PBX us-ing the Arrhenius model with plasticizer content as a sensitive parameter.RDX based cast PBX exhibits significant changes in porosity,cross-linking density,and plasticizer content during the accelerated aging process,which can be used as sensitive parame-ters for performance evaluation.In this paper,the plasticizer content is used as the sensitive parameter,and a 10%decrease in plas-ticizer content is used as the criterion.It is calculated that the service life of RDX based caste PBX is about 14.5 years(25℃)and 23.8 years(21)℃.

关 键 词：浇注PBX 炸药 加速老化 老化规律 老化机理 寿命评估 

分 类 号：TJ410.89[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]