高层次科学家的管理职务与科研论文产出关系研究:以院士为例  

Research on the Relationship between the Administrative Appointment of High-level Scientists And Their Output of Scientific Research Papers:A Case Study of Academicians

作　　者：汤超颖 王安 TANG Chaoying;WANG An(School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Sino-Danish College,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学经济与管理学院,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学中丹学院,北京100190

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2023年第9期152-164,共13页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71974178);国家自然科学基金重点项目(71932009);中国科学院大学数字经济监测预测预警与政策仿真教育部哲学社会科学实验室(培育)基金。

摘　　要：院士是我国科技领域的最高学术荣誉称号。受我国具有资源倾斜特征的科技人才政策与制度化精英主义影响,院士不仅担当了科研领军者角色,还常兼任管理职务。基于科学社会学视角的地位权力理论,当选院士会带来“马太效应”,即地位优势带来的资源积累效应。分析行政任职这一社会性权力对院士科研论文数量、影响力与贡献度的影响。采用双重差分法分析了2005—2019年320名当选中国科学院院士与同期候选但未当选的383名科学家的索引论文、管理职务等数据,结果发现:当选院士促进论文影响力、降低论文贡献度;当选院士增加了科学家行政任职的概率,进而增加了论文的影响力并降低了科学家对论文合著贡献度。最后,就我国科研机构管理与高层次科技人才政策进行了讨论。Academicians are leaders of national scientific and technological innovation.Because people tend to believe that people with high status are more capable and qualified,elite scientists like academicians are easy to obtain extraordinary recognition and resources,triggering public discussions about social equity.Influenced by the policy of scientific and technological talents with the characteristics of resource inclination and institutionalized elitism,academicians not only play the role of scientific research leaders but also often take part-time administrative positions,leading to the discussion of the so-called Matthew effect.The existing research on the Matthew effect of elite scientists has not reached a consistent conclusion.To further analyze the internal mechanism of the Matthew effect,we introduce the status theory in the sociology of science.Based on the perspective of the Status Theory of sociology,administrative post is a kind of social power.The title of academician not only means obtaining academic elitism,but also the elevation of social status,which may lead to more administrative posts.However,the elevation of the academician title is like a double-edged sword.On the one hand,it increases social status,increasing academic influence on certain research fields.On the other hand,it may also cause distractions,taking up a lot of time that should be saved for research only.Yet the impact of administrative posts on the influence and contribution of academicians'scientific research papers have not captured sufficient attention in the extant literature.To fill in this research gap,comparative analysis based on the index papers data and CV data of 320 elected academicians and 383 non-elected academicians listed in the candidate list of academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2005 to 2019 turns out that:Elected as academicians promoted the influence of their papers and reduced their contribution of papers,and had no significant impact on the output of papers.In addition,being elected as academi

关 键 词：马太效应 科研论文数量 科研论文影响力 科研论文合著贡献度 管理职务 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学] G316G322