还原氧化石墨烯-二氧化硅复合气凝胶的合成与性能  

Synthesis and properties of reduced graphene-silica composite aerogels

作　　者：连文贤 刘玮欣 银波 张洁 刘兴平 唐韶坤[1] LIAN Wenxian;LIU Weixin;YIN Bo;ZHANG Jie;LIU Xingping;TANG Shaokun(Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,School of Chemical Engineering&Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Xinte Energy Co.Ltd.,Urumqi 831499,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院绿色合成与转化教育部重点实验室,天津300072 [2]新特能源股份有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐831499

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2023年第5期824-831,共8页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

摘　　要：针对传统二氧化硅气凝胶在实际应用中存在的强度低、易吸水、各项性能难以兼顾等问题,以乙二胺(EDA)还原改性的氧化石墨烯气凝胶作为增强材料,以六甲基二硅氮烷(HMDS)作为疏水改性剂,以四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)作为硅源,将二氧化硅前驱体溶液浸渍到还原氧化石墨烯气凝胶(rGOA)中,通过溶胶-凝胶法进而冷冻干燥获得还原氧化石墨烯-二氧化硅复合气凝胶(rGOSA)。考察rGOA负载量对rGOSA的微观结构及其物化性能等的影响。结果表明:rGOSA表现出更强的热稳定性和疏水性,具有良好的机械性能和隔热性能。热分解温度高达400℃,水接触角高达143°,应变50%时的抗压强度为0.328 MPa,导热系数低至0.0390W·(m·K)^(-1)(30℃)。Traditional silica aerogels have problems of low strength,high water absorption and non-easy compatibility for practical application.In this study,reduced graphene oxide aerogels(rGOA)modified by ethylenediamine(EDA)were used as reinforcement materials,which were impregnated with silica precursor solution using tetraethoxysilane(TEOS)as the silicon source and hexamethyldisilazane(HMDS)as a hydrophobic modifier.Hydrophobic reduced graphene-silica composite aerogels(rGOSA)were obtained by sol-gel method and freeze-drying.Effects of rGOA loading on rGOSA microstructure and other physical and chemical properties are investigated.The results show that rGOSA exhibits enhanced thermal stability and hydrophobicity,good mechanical property,and thermal insulation performance.The thermal decomposition temperature is up to 400℃and the water contact angle is up to 143°.The compressive strength at 50%strain is 0.328 MPa and the thermal conductivity is 0.0390 W·(m·K)^(-1)(30℃).

关 键 词：二氧化硅气凝胶 还原氧化石墨烯 热稳定性 疏水性 机械性能 隔热性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]