近代以来戏曲《四郎探母》的发展与流变  

The Development and Transformation of the Chinese Opera Silangtanmu Since Modern Times

作　　者：徐琛 XU Chen(School of History,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

出　　处：《河北民族师范学院学报》2023年第4期71-78,共8页Journal of Hebei Normal University For Nationalities

摘　　要：戏曲《四郎探母》流行于晚清,是当时中国统一多民族国家历史发展形势的某种反映。该剧故事生动,情节曲折,具有很强的艺术感染力,在思想性上,与天下一家的中国文化精神深度契合。20世纪50年代起至改革开放前,戏曲改革兴起,《四郎探母》的思想性曾引起争议。在艰难的探索中,新的改编作品大多突出惩罚“叛徒”、反对卖国主义的主题。改革开放后,一方面,戏曲改革仍在继续,新的改编作品大多转而以盼和平、重亲缘为取向;另一方面,传统版本重归舞台,产生了极大的共鸣,成了这一时期同一题材作品中的主流。“四郎探母”题材戏曲作品的历史境遇,反映了时代发展的辩证精神,也表现了艺术创作和改革探索的曲折和艰辛。The Chinese Opera Silangtanmu was popular in the late Qing Dynasty,and it was a reflection of the historical development of China’s unified multi-ethnic country at that time.The story of the play is vivid,the plot is tortuous,and it has a strong artistic appeal,in the terms of ideology,it is deeply compatible with the Chinese cultural spirit of all people belong to one family.From the 1950s until the Reform and Opening up,with the rise of Chinese opera reform,the ideological nature of Silangtanmu had caused controversy.In the difficult exploration,most of the new adaptations highlighted the theme of punishing“traitors”and opposing traitorism.After the Reform and Opening up,on the one hand,the Chinese opera reform continued,and most of the new adaptations turned to the orientation of looking forward to peace and emphasizing family tie;On the other hand,the traditional version returned to the stage,aroused great resonance,and became the mainstream of the works with the same theme in this period.The historical situations of the Chinese opera work with the theme of Silangtanmu reflects the dialectical spirit of the development of the era,and also shows the twists and turns of the artistic creation and reform exploration.

关 键 词：《四郎探母》 戏曲改革 中华民族认同 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学] I230[历史地理—中国史]