论合同法与有过失规则适用的基本路径  

On the Application of Contributory Negligence Rule in Contract Law

作　　者：吴志宇 WU Zhiyu(College of ComparativeLaw,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学比较法学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期45-51,共7页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：在我国《民法典》中,违约损害赔偿责任以无过错责任为主,这与第592条第2款受损方过错影响违约损害赔偿存在潜在不协调,与有过失规则适用的基本路径不尽清晰。由于无过错违约责任是意思自治的集中体现,作为损害赔偿限制规则的与有过失规则不应受违约责任归责原则的制约。在无过错违约责任为主的责任体系下,以过错程度来分配责任具有正当性。最终确定责任范围还需有原因力的考量,如此能够更公平地分配合同双方当事人的责任。此为与有过失规则适用的基本路径。In China’s Civil Code,no-fault liability for breach of contract is potentially inconsistent with Article 592(2)where the fault of the injured party affects the damages for breach of contract,and it is not clear how the contributory negligence rule is applied.No-fault liability for breach of contract is the significant expression of freedom of contract,and the contributory negligence rule as a rule limiting damages should not be subject to the principle of imputation of liability for breach of contract.Under the liability system of no-fault liability,the degree of fault to apportion liability is justified,supplemented by the consideration of causative potency,which can fairly apportion the liability of both parties to the contract.This is the basic approach to the application of the contributory negligence rule.

关 键 词：与有过失 违约损害赔偿 过错程度 原因力 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]