北京市设施农业施肥现状调研  

Investigation on Fertilization Status of Facility Agriculture in Beijing

作　　者：聂青[1] 李婷[1] 徐娜 石颜通[1] 贾玮玮 曲明山 NIE Qing;LI Ting;XU Na;SHI Yantong;JIA Weiwei;QU Mingshan(Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农业技术推广站,北京100029

出　　处：《蔬菜》2023年第11期46-51,共6页Vegetables

基　　金：北京市设施蔬菜创新团队项目(BAIC01-2023)。

摘　　要：为掌握北京市设施农业的施肥状况、变化趋势及存在问题,估算设施生产肥料减施潜力,为制定设施农业施肥技术指导意见和减施方案提供科学的理论依据,通过查阅统计资料、与区县农业部门访谈交流、发放调查问卷、施肥调查系统填报等方式,调查了北京市设施生产的肥料投入总体情况。调研结果表明:年平均投入总养分为2139 kg/hm^(2),有降低趋势;12.3%的调查主体有机肥投入存在过量,每667 m^(2)投入量达到了3 t以上;有机肥养分投入量达到1641.0 kg/hm^(2),占投入总养分的比例为76.7%,是设施农业生产主要的养分来源;总养分中N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O养分投入比例为1∶1.1∶1.1,磷肥投入过量,可能会造成养分浪费和土壤磷养分累积。In order to grasp the status,change trend and existing problems of fertilizer application in facility agriculture in Beijing,estimate the potential of fertilizer reduction in facility production,and provide scientifi c theoretical basis for formulating technological guidance and reduction scheme of fertilizer application in facility agriculture,by consulting statistical data,interviewing with agricultural departments,issuing questionnaires and filling in the fertilization survey system,the overall situation of fertilizer input for facility production in Beijing was investigated.The research results showed that the average total nutrient input was 2139 kg/hm^(2),which was lower than that in 2013.12.3%of the survey subjects had excessive organic fertilizer input,and the input amount reached more than 3 t per 667 m^(2),the nutrient input of organic fertilizer reached 1641.0 kg/hm^(2),accounting for 76.7%of the total nutrient input,which was the main nutrient source for facility agriculture.The ratio of N,P_(2)O_(5) and K_(2)O in total nutrient was 1∶1.1∶1.1,excessive input of phosphate fertilizer might cause nutrient waste and soil phosphorus accumulation.

关 键 词：设施农业 施肥 调研 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]