基于AHP和空间句法的避难场所防灾效能评价研究  

Research on the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Disaster Prevention in Refuge Places Based on AHP and Spatial Syntax

作　　者：吴金峰 王志涛[1] 郭小东[1] WU Jinfeng;WANG Zhitao;GUO Xiaodong(Faculty of Architecture,Civil and Transportation Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城建学部,北京100124

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报（信息与管理工程版）》2023年第5期687-693,共7页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology：Information & Management Engineering

摘　　要：避难场所作为应对城市灾害的重要灾民安置设施,在全国各地处于加速推进建设阶段,在实践和理论层面取得了很大进展,但针对避难场所本体功能布局和设施布置的量化评估仍不足,导致避难场所存在低效建设和综合服务能力不强等问题。在解析防灾避难场所效能评估内涵的基础上,构建了以应灾能力和应灾效率为基准层的避难场所效能评价体系,并综合运用层次分析法和空间句法对某地区避难场所进行实证研究。研究表明:位于整合度较高的区域、设施种类安全性较高的避难场所,综合服务效能得分较高;提高避难场所内防灾功能区与空间位置特征的适配度,促进各防灾功能协同合作,有利于提升场所综合服务效能。As an important resettlement facility for disaster victims in response to urban disasters,shelters are in the accelerated construction stage throughout China,and have made significant progress in both practical and theoretical aspects.However,the quantitative evaluation of the functional layout and facility layout of shelters is still insufficient,leading to inefficient construction and the need to improve their comprehensive service capabilities.Based on the analysis of the connotation of the effectiveness evaluation of disaster prevention shelters,the study constructed a shelter effectiveness evaluation system with disaster response capacity and disaster response efficiency as the benchmark level,and conducted an empirical investigation and research on the shelters in a certain area using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and space syntax.The research showed that shelters located in areas with high integration and safety of facility types have higher scores for comprehensive service efficiency.Improving the adaptability of disaster prevention functional areas and spatial location characteristics within the shelter,promoting collaborative cooperation among various disaster prevention functions,are conducive to improving the comprehensive service efficiency of the shelter.

关 键 词：城市防灾减灾 效能评价 AHP 空间句法 防灾避难场所 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]