基于ANSYS的汽车盘式制动器的结构优化设计  

Structural Optimization Design of Automotive Disc Brakes Based on ANSYS

作　　者：陈荣荣 CHEN Rongrong(Xi'an Traffic Engineering Institute,Xi'an Shaanxi 710300,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通工程学,陕西西安710300

出　　处：《西安交通工程学院学术研究》2023年第3期28-32,共5页Academic Research of Xi'an Traffic Engineering Institute

摘　　要：汽车在制动时,动能瞬间转换成大量热能,这些热量来不及散发,使制动盘和摩擦衬片的温度瞬间上升,材料的热衰退直接影响到制动的可靠性,所以制动器的瞬态热-固耦合分析在制动器设计过程中有着举足轻重的作用。本文在SolidWorks软件中建立了某轿车盘式制动器的简化三维模型,并通过ANSYS Workbench软件对某轿车紧急制动时的制动器进行了瞬态热-固耦合仿真分析,分析了制动盘和摩擦衬片的可靠性,得到刹车后制动器、制动盘和摩擦衬片温度随时间的变化云图。热-固耦合分析结果表明,制动器的温度变化及分布规律是合理的,所以此设计的制动器散热性能良好,符合预期目标。同时本文在满足安全系数要求的情况下,对制动盘进行打孔和开槽,既增强了制动盘的散热性能,又提高了制动盘结构强度和安全系数,进一步实现了结构轻量化,为以后制动器的优化设计提供了参考。When the car brakes,the kinetic energy is instantly converted into a large amount of thermal energy,and these heat do not have time to dissipate,so that the temperature of the brake disc and friction lining rises instantly,and the thermal decline of the material directly affects the reliability of the brake,so the transient thermal-solid coupling analysis of the brake plays a pivotal role in the brake design process.In this paper,a simplified 3D model of a car disc brake is established in SolidWorks software,and the transient thermal-solid interaction simulation analysis of the brake during emergency braking of a car is analyzed by ANSYS Workbench software,and the reliability of the brake disc and friction lining is analyzed,and the change cloud of the temperature of the brake,brake disc and friction lining after braking is obtained.The results of thermal-solid coupling analysis show that the temperature change and distribution law of the brake are reasonable,so the heat dissipation performance of the brake of this design is good and meets the expected goals.At the same time,under the condition of meeting the safety factor requirements,this paper punches and grooves the brake disc,which not only enhances the heat dissipation performance of the brake disc,but also improves the structural strength and safety factor of the brake disc,further realizes the lightweight structure,and provides a reference for the optimization design of the brake in the future.

关 键 词：制动盘 摩擦衬片 瞬态热-固耦合分析 结构优化 

分 类 号：U463[机械工程—车辆工程]