纳米纤维基力学传感器研究及应用进展  

Research and application progress of nanofiber-based mechanical sensors

作　　者：陈乘风 马雨萱 王意淼 王航 曲丽君[1,3] 田明伟[1,3] CHEN Chengfeng;MA Yuxuan;WANG Yimiao;WANG Hang;QU Lijun;TIAN Mingwei(College of Textiles&Clothing,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China;Shandong Special Nonwoven Materials Engineering Research Center,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China;Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学纺织服装学院,青岛266071 [2]青岛大学山东省特型非织造材料工程研究中心,青岛266071 [3]青岛大学智能可穿戴技术研究中心,青岛266071

出　　处：《丝绸》2023年第11期77-88,共12页Journal of Silk

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22208178);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020QE074);山东省高等学校“青创科技计划”创新团队项目(2020KJA013)。

摘　　要：文章旨在对纳米纤维传感器在柔性力学传感领域的应用进行综合和总结。首先,介绍了柔性力学传感器的基本原理和应用背景;其次,重点讨论了纳米柔性纤维传感器的制备方法和关键技术,包括纳米纤维的制备工艺和纤维的功能化改性方法,并探讨了改性纳米纤维的电学性能和力学响应之间的关联关系,阐述了纳米纤维在力学传感器中的作用机制,明确了纳米纤维在传感器的灵敏度提升、力学支撑、快响应速度等方面的重大意义。随后,系统总结了近年来纳米纤维基力学传感器在医疗诊断、运动监测、人机交互、电子皮肤等领域的应用进展,为柔性传感器的发展提供了理论与实践参考。最后,对纳米柔性纤维传感器的未来发展方向进行了展望。Flexible sensors,emerging as a novel sensing technology,have progressively garnered substantial interest among researchers.In recent years,there has been a growing emphasis on the utilization of nanofiber assemblies in the advancement of flexible mechanical sensors.This approach bestows upon these sensors several merits including cost-effectiveness,streamlined processing,enhanced user experience,and superior sensing capabilities.The primary objective of this review is to comprehensively assess and summarize the utilization of nanofiber sensors within the realm of flexible mechanical sensing.This endeavor aims to furnish invaluable theoretical and practical insights for the progression of flexible sensor technologies.This paper is centered on the fabrication of nanoflexible fiber sensors,primarily by methods such as polymer direct spinning,blending,nanofiber carbonization,gas phase growth,and nano-modification.Capitalizing on advancements in nanotechnology and leveraging the inherent attributes of nanofibers,and achieving breakthroughs in the development of highly sensitive,wide-range,and rapidly responsive sensors through the ingenious design of multi-tiered sensing structures,the incorporation of high-performance conductive materials,and the construction of intricate three-dimensional conductive network have garnered increasing attention from both academia and industry.Nanofiber-based mechanosensors are electronic devices utilizing flexible nanofiber aggregates as substrates.They possess the capability to detect external mechanical stimuli and convert them into electrical signals.These sensors can be categorized primarily into resistive,capacitive,piezoelectric,and triboelectric types according to their sensing mechanisms.The enhancement of nanofiber resistive flexible sensors predominantly hinges on the optimization of the sensor matrix structure and the conductive network design.Consequently,the development of resistive sensors based on nanofibers primarily revolves around refining the micro/nanostructure on t

关 键 词：力学传感器 纳米纤维 智能可穿戴 纤维改性 运动监测 医疗诊断 

分 类 号：TP212.6[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TQ342.8[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]