无花果病毒CP基因克隆及遗传多样性分析  

Cloning and Genetic Diversity Analysis of CP Gene of Fig Viruses

作　　者：陈伟[1] 薛婷 李亚娟 王瑞鑫 玉山江·麦麦提[4] CHEN Wei;XUE Ting;LI Yajuan;WANG Ruixin;YUSHANJIANG Maimaiti(College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030004,China;Tongren Agricultural Science and Education Information Station,Tongren 554300,China;Xi'an International Dry Port Landscape Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710000,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Harmful Crop Vermin of China North Western Oasis,Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西太原030004 [2]铜仁市农业科教信息站,贵州铜仁554300 [3]西安国际陆港园林景观有限公司,陕西西安710000 [4]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2023年第11期1245-1251,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1901102);国家重点研发计划“科技助力经济2020”重点专项计划项目(SQ2020YFF0425265);山西省应用基础研究计划(201901D211403);国家自然科学基金新疆地区科学基金项目(31760511)。

摘　　要：无花果花叶病毒(Fig mosaic virus,FMV)是一种RNA病毒,严重影响无花果的品质与产量。2019—2020年连续2 a从山西省临汾市无花果基地随机采集被FMV感染的新鲜无花果叶片119份,经RT-PCR获得CP基因,并进行序列分析,通过分析FMV分离株的遗传变异和种群结构,从多维度分析FMV的遗传多样性,旨在为无花果花叶病毒的分类、分子特征、进化机制以及致病机理的研究奠定基础,为解释FMV病毒分子结构、感染率高和进化程度提供有力证据。RT-PCR鉴定结果证实,53份样品为FMV阳性,从阳性样品中分离、测序、克隆得到12个新的FMV分离物;将12个分离物与在线数据比对,获得在线的37个分离物;对49个分离物进行系统发育分析得出,这些分离物来自10个国家,分布范围广,根据亲缘关系分为6个组,且与地理位置无关。进一步分析核酸和氨基酸一致性,49个CP基因核苷酸一致率和氨基酸一致率分别为91.41%~100%和89.33%~100%。结果发现,CP基因在进化过程中具有高度保守性且突变率较低。偏离中立性检验显示,FMV种群极大可能处于种群扩张状态。选择压和重组分析结果表明,负向选择可能是FMV分子变异的重要原因。Fig mosaic virus(FMV)is an RNA virus that seriously affects the quality and yield of figs.In this study,119 fresh fig leaves were randomly collected from fig base in Linfen city,Shanxi province from 2019 to 2020.CP gene was obtained through RT-PCR and sequence analysis was conducted.By analyzing the genetic diversity and population structure of FMV isolates,the genetic diversity of FMV was analyzed from multiple perspectives to lay the foundation of study on classification,molecular characteristics,evolutionary mechanisms,and pathogenic mechanisms of FMV and provide robust evidence to explain the molecular structure,high infection rate and evolutionary dynamics of FMV.RT-PCR identification results confirmed that 53 leaf samples were FMV positive.Besides,12 new FMV isolates were isolated,sequenced,and cloned from the positive samples.These 12 isolates were compared to 37 isolates obtained from online databases.The phylogenetic analysis of the total of 49 isolates showed that they were from 10 countries with wide distribution range.The isolates were grouped into six clades based on genetic relatedness,independent of geographical location.Further analysis of nucleic acid and amino acid consistency showed that the nucleotide consistency rate among the 49 CP genes ranged from 91.41%to 100%,while the amino acid identity ranged from 89.33%to 100%.The results revealed that CP gene was highly conserved and had a low mutation rate during evolution.Neutrality test indicated that FMV populations were most likely to be in a state of population expansion.Selection pressure and recombination analysis showed that negative selection might play a significant role in the molecular variation of FMV.

关 键 词：无花果 FMV CP基因 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学] S663.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]