风险规避型全渠道零售商多周期产品组合与库存联合优化  

Multi-period assortment and inventory stochastic optimization for risk-averse omnichannel retailers

作　　者：牟玉霞 关志民[1] 赵莹 邱若臻[1] MOU Yuxia;GUAN Zhimin;ZHAO Ying;QIU Ruozhen(School of Business Administration,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110169,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学工商管理学院,辽宁沈阳110169

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2023年第6期212-226,共15页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70972100、71372186)。

摘　　要：基于多项式Logit(multinomial logit,MNL)选择模型,本文研究风险规避型全渠道零售商多周期产品组合与库存联合优化问题,建立了具有服务水平约束的多周期随机优化模型并提出相应的求解方法,通过数值算例验证了所构建模型和求解方法的有效性。研究结果表明,基于均值-CVaR的随机优化模型,能够使全渠道零售商更好地权衡利润与风险,并且使利润表现出更好的鲁棒性,进而满足零售商的风险规避需求。针对全渠道零售商实体店容量约束以及履单中心容量约束,零售商的相关决策会随着约束的改变而变化。两种渠道的存在在保证产品多样性方面具有一定优势。通过探究消费者的选择行为发现,当消费者群的考虑集完全不重叠时产品被选率是最高的。采用混合订单履行策略优于单一履行策略,且有助于实现产品的多样化,保证产品组合决策的稳定性与灵活性。As technologies evolve and consumers′preferences change,more and more retailers are adopting omnichannel retailing systems to attract consumers and improve their profitability.Omnichannel retailing unlocks numerous opportunities for a retailer to leverage its brick-and-mortar store network to support its online sales.However,retailers are still confronted with challenges and constraints.An omnichannel retailer faces a set of complex decisions that affects its profitability and competitiveness.The assortment decision is one of the most important decisions.The assortment decision will determine which items will offer to consumers through brick-and-mortar stores,online channels or via both channels.Research shows that a larger assortment of items offered in retailers′online channels with no shelf space restrictions will help to increase sales.Furthermore,the products offered in the online channel will affect the demand of both online and offline channels.Besides the assortment decision,retailers have to determine how much inventory to stock for each product.The limited space will impact the inventory decisions.Meanwhile,retailers are facing uncertain demands.Hence,how to make joint decisions on assortment and inventory given this situation so as to minimize the retailer′s profit uncertainty is essential for risk-averse omnichannel retailers.In addition,the omnichannel retailers require to develop new cost-efficient logistics business models to integrate different channels seamlessly when moving to omnichannel operations.Therefore,choosing appropriate order fulfillment strategies and deploying an efficient omnichannel distribution network have become important issues for omnichannel retailers that require urgent solutions.Conditional value-at-risk(CVaR)is used to measure the retailer′s profit uncertainty.The mean-CVaR is applied to make trade-offs between profit and risk.Because the set of products offered influences each product′s demand via both online and offline channels,the multinomial logit(MNL)model

关 键 词：全渠道零售 MNL模型 产品组合 订单履行 随机优化 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济]