基于RUSLE和地理探测器的鄂西北土壤侵蚀时空分异与归因  

Spatial-Temporal Differentiation and Attribution of Soil Erosion in Northwestern Hubei Based on RUSLE and Geographic Detector

作　　者：田培 贾婷惠 平耀东 许盈[1,2] 王哲 刘目兴[1,2] Tian Pei;Jia Tinghui;Ping Yaodong;Xu Ying;Wang Zhe;Liu Muxing(Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis&SimulationKey Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis&Simulation,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《热带地理》2023年第11期2216-2228,共13页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“RUSLE模型P因子修正及其在湖北省典型山丘区的适用性研究”(42377354);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金“长江中游面源污染入江输移机理及滞后效应研究”(U21A2039);湖北省自然科学基金面上项目“基于改进RUSLE模型的湖北省典型山丘区土壤侵蚀模拟及其防控”(2021CFB550)。

摘　　要：揭示鄂西北土壤侵蚀时空分异特征及成因可为该区域的水土保持工作提供借鉴。基于RUSLE模型定量分析2005—2020年鄂西北土壤侵蚀时空分异特征,利用地理探测器进行土壤侵蚀时空格局的主导因素和多因子间度量交互耦合程度的定量归因研究。结果表明:1)鄂西北2005—2020年土壤侵蚀强度整体持续下降,15年间平均土壤侵蚀模数下降了16.3 t/(km^(2)·a);整体以微度和轻度侵蚀为主(占总侵蚀面积的93%)。2)不同坡度下土壤侵蚀强度不同,8°~25°地区以中度、强烈和极强烈侵蚀为主(侵蚀占比为55.4%);>25°地区,65.6%的面积受到强烈及以上等级的高强度侵蚀。3)坡度和主要土地利用类型是土壤侵蚀的主导因子,二者共同作用对土壤侵蚀的解释力(q=0.479)均优于单因子。4)坡度>35°、高程在500~800 m、年降雨侵蚀力在4950.55~6378.09 MJ·mm/(hm^(2)·h·a)且以耕地为主要土地利用类型的区域均被识别为高风险侵蚀区。Northwest Hubei Province is a region prone to soil erosion.Investigating the spatiotemporal variations in soil erosion and identifying its underlying causes can offer valuable insights for guiding soil and water conservation efforts in the area.Based on the RUSLE model,we quantitatively analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in soil erosion in Northwest Hubei from 2005 to 2020.A geographical detector model was used to study the dominant factors of the spatial and temporal differentiation patterns of soil erosion,the degree of interactive coupling between multiple factors,and quantitative attribution of soil erosion-prone areas.The results indicate that,overall,the intensity of soil erosion in Northwest Hubei continued to decrease from 2005 to 2020.The average soil erosion modulus decreased by 16.3 t/(km^(2)·a),and the soil erosion volume decreased by 200,000 t in 2020 compared to in 2005.Northwest Hubei showed a spatially divergent pattern of strong soil erosion intensity in the west and south and weak soil erosion in the central and north,with slight and mild erosion as a whole(accounting for 93%of the total erosion area).The land-use types in the study area were mainly forest land,and the proportions of forest land in 2005,2010,2015,and 2020 were over 60%.The soil erosion intensity of cultivated land was the highest among all land-use types.The area proportion of mild and above grade erosion intensity in this type was 85%,followed by forest land and grassland,with the percentage of the area of mild erosion intensity being 33.96%and 26.63%,respectively.From 2005 to 2020,each land-use type was transformed into another,and the transfer matrix results showed that cultivated land and grassland were mostly transformed into forest land,with a transfer area of 11.98%.Topographic factors markedly affected the soil erosion pattern:the soil erosion intensity in northwestern Hubei first increased and then decreased with the increase in elevation;the most significant erosion occured in the elevation zones of>200-500 m and>

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 时空分异 RUSLE 地理探测器 定量归因 鄂西北 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]